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            <title xml:lang="en">Quasi-neutral Dynamics in a Coinfection System with N Strains and Asymmetries along Multiple Traits</title>
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                <forename type="first">Thi Minh Thao</forename>
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                <forename>Thi Minh Thao</forename>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Journal of Mathematical Biology&lt;/i&gt;, 2023, 87 (3), pp.48. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00285-023-01977-7"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1007/s00285-023-01977-7&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-TOURS">Université François Rabelais</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-ORLEANS">Université d'Orléans</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSMI">CNRS-INSMI - INstitut des Sciences Mathématiques et de leurs Interactions</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TDS-MACS">Réseau de recherche en Théorie des Systèmes Distribués, Modélisation, Analyse et Contrôle des Systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IDP">Institut Denis Poisson</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST3-HALCNRS">TEST3-HALCNRS</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LESTUDIUM">LE STUDIUM Loire Valley Institute for Advanced Studies</idno>
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                    <forename type="first">Thi Minh Thao</forename>
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                <title level="j">Journal of Mathematical Biology</title>
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                  <publisher>Springer</publisher>
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                <term xml:lang="en">singular perturbation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">replicator equation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">high-dimensional polymorphism</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">frequency dynamics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">co-colonization</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">SIS multi-strain dynamics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">quasi-neutrality</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">slow-fast dynamics</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Tikhonov's Theorem</term>
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              <p>Understanding the interplay of different traits in a co-infection system with multiple strains has many applications in ecology and epidemiology. Because of high dimensionality and complex feedbacks between traits manifested in infection and co-infection, the study of such systems remains a challenge. In the case where strains are similar (quasi-neutrality assumption), we can model trait variation as perturbations in parameters, which simplifies analysis. Here, we apply singular perturbation theory to many strain parameters simultaneously, and advance analytically to obtain their explicit collective dynamics. We consider and study such a quasi-neutral model of susceptible-infected-susceptible (SIS) dynamics among N strains which vary in 5 fitness dimensions: transmissibility, clearance rate of single-and co-infection, transmission probability from mixed coinfection, and co-colonization vulnerability factors encompassing cooperation and competition. This quasi-neutral system is analyzed with a singular perturbation method through an appropriate slow-fast decomposition. The fast dynamics correspond to the embedded neutral system, while the slow dynamics are governed by an N-dimensional replicator equation, describing the time evolution of strain frequencies. The coefficients of this replicator system are pairwise invasion fitnesses between strains, which, in our model, are an explicit weighted sum of pairwise asymmetries along all trait dimensions. Remarkably these weights depend only on the parameters of the neutral system. Such model reduction highlights the centrality of the neutral system for dynamics at the edge of neutrality, and exposes critical features for maintenance of diversity.</p>
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