The purpose of our study is to investigate 1) the influence of phenotype plasticity and local adaptation on pearl-oyster physiology by testing the persistence of growth differentiation of two pearl oyster populations (Arutua and Mangareva) in common garden experiment; 2) to quantify the influence of biofouling development on the growth of each pearl oyster population. According development after 14-15 months of colonization does not appear to have any negative effect on P. margaritifera growth. Due to the high cost of biofouling management in pearl farming facilities, our results suggest once more that reconsideration of the pearl farming management process is needed.