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                <term xml:lang="en">oil production</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">gas hydrates</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">crystallization</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">flow geometry</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">géométrie d’écoulement</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">cristallisation</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">hydrates de gaz</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">production pétrolière</term>
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              <p>The formation of gas hydrates in oil and gas pipelines has developed into a hazardous problem, since it may cause the plugging of the pipeline. Recent studies have shown that coupling multiphase flow and gas hydrate formation is necessary in order to predict plugging tendencies (&lt;i&gt;Ding&lt;/i&gt; et &lt;i&gt;al.&lt;/i&gt;, 2017; &lt;i&gt;Joshi&lt;/i&gt; et &lt;i&gt;al.&lt;/i&gt;, 2013; &lt;i&gt;Melchuna&lt;i&gt; et &lt;i&gt;al.&lt;i&gt;, 2016; &lt;i&gt;Pham&lt;i&gt;, 2018). The flow pattern before hydrate formation affects the hydrate formation rate, since the hydrate formation requires the contact between water and gas. The droplets sizes present on the flow will directly interfere on the initial size of the particles. The flow pattern after hydrate formation plays a decisive role on whether the plugging will be observed or not. Three important phenomena in solid-liquid flow are agglomeration, deposition and sedimentation of particles. Agglomeration occurs when two particles collide and adhere each other due to the attractive forces and growth near the contact between them. It directly affects the size of the dispersed particles. The larger are the particles flowing in the pipeline, the higher is the risk of plugging. Deposition occurs due to the collision of the particles to the wall and other phenomena. Sedimentation of particles at the bottom or at the top of the pipeline takes place when the flow velocity is not enough to carry the particles. When deposition or sedimentation occur, the cross sectional area is reduced, affecting the flow rate and the pressure drop, which increases the risk of plugging. The biggest challenge is to understand how these three phenomena will occur over time and space. The objective of this work is to analyze the mechanisms observed in agglomeration, deposition and sedimentation of particles, investigate how they behave according to the flow initial conditions, and see if it is possible to stablish a relationship between the observed flow patterns and the plugging risk. An experimental work will be conducted to simulate hydrate formation using a flow loop (&lt;i&gt;Melchuna&lt;/i&gt; et &lt;i&gt;al.&lt;/i&gt;, 2016), applying high pressure and low temperature similar to the ones found in deep sea. A range of water cut with different flow rates will be tested. A commercial anti-agglomerant and salt will be tested as well to evaluate if they reduce the risk of plugging.</p>
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              <p>La formation d'hydrates de gaz dans les oléoducs et les gazoducs est devenue un problème dangereux, car elle peut provoquer le bouchage des pipelines. L'objectif de ce travail est d'analyser les mécanismes d'agglomération, de dépôt et de sédimentation des particules, en fonction des conditions initiales d'écoulement. Un travail expérimental sera mené pour former les hydrates en utilisant une boucle d'écoulement à haute pression et basse température. Une gamme de fractions d'eau avec des différents débits sera testée. Un additif antiagglomérant et du sel seront également testés pour évaluer s'ils réduisent le risque de bouchage.</p>
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