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              <p>Since their independence, the countries of South America have each considered their share of the Amazon as a buffer space protecting them from distant neighbours. Attempted integrations at the end of the 20th century, and major infrastructure projects, suggested that the Amazon would resume a central place in the geometry of the continent. Twenty years later, is Amazonia fulfilling this position and is it a new geopolitical object, traversed by networks of cooperation and integration mechanisms? This paper returns first to the time when Brazilian geopoliticians saw occupying the Amazon basin as a means of controlling the entire north of the continent, then as a national strategic “vulnerability” risk. It then analyses the reasons for being of the Organization of the Amazon Cooperation Treaty (OTCA), and of the Infrastructure Integration Initiative of the South American region (IIRSA), and points out some effects on a specific case, the border between France and Brazil on Oyapock.</p>
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              <p>Depuis leur indépendance, les pays d’Amériques du sud considéraient chacun leur part d’Amazonie comme un espace tampon les protégeant de voisins lointains. Les intégrations tentées à la fin du XXe siècle et les projets de grandes infrastructures ont fait penser que l’Amazonie reprendrait une place centrale dans la géométrie du continent. Vingt ans plus tard, l’occupe-t-elle et est-elle un nouvel ensemble géopolitique, parcouru de réseaux de coopération et de dispositifs d’intégration ? Revenant d’abord sur l’époque où les géopoliticiens brésiliens voyaient dans la mainmise sur l’Amazonie le moyen de contrôler tout le nord du continent, puis un risque « vulnérabilité » stratégique nationale, le texte analyse les raisons d’être de l’Organisation du traité de coopération amazonienne (OTCA), puis ceux de l’Initiative d’intégration de l’infrastructure de la région sud-américaine (IIRSA) et analyse quelques effets sur un cas précis : la frontière entre la France et le Brésil sur l’Oyapock.</p>
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              <p>Desde a independência, os países da América do Sul consideraram sua parcela da Amazônia como um espaço de proteção para protegê-los de vizinhos distantes. As integrações tentadas no final do século XX e os principais projetos de infraestrutura deixaram esperar que a Amazônia retomaria um lugar central na geometria do continente. Vinte anos depois, ela está se ocupando este lugar e passou a ser um novo conjunto geopolítico, atravessado por redes de mecanismos de cooperação e integração? Voltando primeiro ao tempo em que os geopolíticos brasileiros viam o ocupação da Amazônia como um meio de controlar todo o norte do continente, e depois como um risco de “vulnerabilidade” estratégica nacional, o texto analisa as razões de ser da Organização do Tratado de Cooperação Amazônica (OTCA), depois da Iniciativa de Integração de Infra-estrutura da região da América do Sul (IIRSA) e analisa alguns efeitos em um caso específico, a fronteira entre a França e o Brasil em Oiapoque.</p>
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