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            <title xml:lang="en">Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain</title>
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                <forename type="first">Chiara</forename>
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            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;Annals of Forest Science&lt;/i&gt;, 2020, 77 (1), pp.3. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13595-019-0893-0"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1007/s13595-019-0893-0&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
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                <title xml:lang="en">Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain</title>
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                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Chiara</forename>
                    <surname>Ferré</surname>
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                    <forename type="first">Roberto</forename>
                    <surname>Comolli</surname>
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                <title level="j">Annals of Forest Science</title>
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                  <biblScope unit="volume">77</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">3</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2020</date>
                  <date type="dateEpub">2020</date>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Mixed model</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Soil spatial variability</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Humus form</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Forest Conversion</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Red oak</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Alien species</term>
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              <p>AbstractKey messageBesides the well-known effects on the native plant community, red oak may also impact the soil; the effects of afforestation with red oak involve both organic layers and mineral soil, resulting in changes in organic carbon quantity and quality and in soil acidification.ContextMany alien species have become widespread in Europe; among these, red oak is a common invader of temperate forests.AimsThe effects of substitution of natural mixed forest by red oak forest on humus forms and soil properties were investigated in two paired plots: a 50-year-old (Bosco Vacaressino) and 80-year-old (Bosco Ginestre) forest stand.MethodsSoil sampling was performed from 3 layers at 40 and 49 points in Bosco Vacaressino and Bosco Ginestre respectively to determine humus forms, soil pH, organic carbon stock, carbon-nitrogen ratio (C:N), available phosphorus, and texture.ResultsRed oak resulted in a shift from Mull to Moder humus forms; soil acidification, higher C:N ratio, and soil organic carbon stock were observed compared with mixed forests.ConclusionThe major changes were reflected in a change toward less active humus forms; the effects of vegetation conversions were also visible in mineral layers; many of the modifications were more evident with increasing stand age.</p>
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