This report is based on a specific type of qualitative literature review, namely, the meta-ethnographic synthesis (MES). The MES undertaken was designed to generate interpretive explanations of the relationship between inequality and radicalisation derived from the synthesis of the findings of multiple empirical studies. Studies included in this MES were qualitative (and mixed-method) empirical studies published in English between 1 January 2001 and 31 December 2017. The studies concerned two main forms of ‘radicalisation’ (radical Islamist and extreme right/anti-Islam(ist) and inequality (economic, sociopolitical and perceived injustice).