At a time when industry is experiencing its 4th revolution, the question of the evolution of the organization is raised and with it the role of operational excellence in this digital transformation. Lean management for the most part implies manufacturing organization and we can legitimately question ourselves on its relation to the concepts of digitalization. Our aim here is to methodologically analyze the managerial concepts of lean management and highlight them in relation to Industry 4.0. After reviewing the literature and the method laid out, we will evaluate the managerial concepts, individually confronting them with our operational experience and then propose a reflection on western 4.0 lean management, with two distinct choices and points of comparison. The article will conclude with perspectives for additional research.