Bio-inspired Passive Kinetic Solar Shading Device for a Responsive Architectural Envelope
Résumé
In this paper, the authors present research concerning the study of actuation systems in plants. Plants have evolved a multitude of mechanisms to actuate organ movement with neither supply or external energy nor any kind of mechanical or electronic control. The transformation of these strategies into technical solutions for responsive architectural envelopes requires a large number of studies and experiments with new technologies that include smart materials and new capabilities in simulation software. The research field of Programmable matter allows for systems to be autonomously changed according to various factors (water, light, UV ray, heat, touch, etc.). These are basic ideas we have extracted from nature according to development of advanced science and technology. Like in nature, anisotropic changes start at the molecular level, which affect biological structures and mechanics in their entirety at the macroscopic level. Programmable matter is thus linked to the concept of shape memory materials (SMMs), which inherently has the ability to perform information processing that can be significantly changed by external stimuli. The objective of this research is the use of shape memory alloys (SMAs) as smart actuators for the biomimetic translation of actuation systems in plants into an architectural envelope that can adapt and respond to environmental stimuli. Our aim is to develop a new type of passive kinetic solar shading device as a result of biomimetic application. Unlike traditional mechanical activation used for dynamic systems in kinetic façades, this type of responsive architectural envelope requires no complex mechanical parts, electronics or sensors, which can lead towards energy efficient design strategies.
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