Lipid atherogenic risk markers can be more favourably influenced by the cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoate isomer than a conjugated linoleic acid mixture or fish oil in hamsters
Résumé
The aim of our present study was to compare the efficiency of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and fish oil in modulating atherogenic risk markers. Adult male hamsters were given a cholesterol-rich diet (0.6 g/kg) for 8 weeks; the diet was supplemented with 5 g cis-9,trans-11-CLA isomer/kg, 12 g CLA mixture (CLA-mix)/kg, 12 g fish oil/kg or 12 g fish oil + 12 g CLA-mix/kg. The plasma cholesterol status was improved only with the cis-9,trans-11-CLA (HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol:LDL-cholesterol ratio, P<0.05), but was of borderline significance for CLA-mix (HDL-cholesterol:LDL-cholesterol ratio, P=0.06), with an increase (33-40 %) in the liver lipoprotein receptors (scavenger receptor-type I and LDL ApoB/E receptor) and HDL-binding protein 2 (P<0.05). A 100 % pigment gallstones incidence and a slight insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment index) were observed in the CLA-mix-fed hamsters (P=-0.031). In comparison, fish-oil feeding alone improved merely the scavenger receptor-type I and HDL-binding protein 2 liver status and faeces sterol output. For most of our present observations, the concomitant intake of fish oil and CLA-mix gave dominant effects that were exclusive and specific to one or the other oil. In conclusion, part of the beneficial effects of CLA in the present study can be ascribed to the cis-9,trans-11-isomer, and these did not generally overlap with those of fish oil. In addition, the CLA-mix effects are clearly affected by the marine (n-3) fatty acids. © The Authors 2004.
Mots clés
Unsaturated
Feces
Fish Oils
Insulin
Linoleic Acids
Conjugated
Lipid Metabolism
Liver
Male
Receptors
Lipoprotein
Risk Factors
9
11 linoleic acid
11-linoleic acid
apolipoprotein B
apolipoprotein E
biochemical marker
biological marker
conjugated linoleic acid
edible oil
fatty acid derivative
fish oil
high density lipoprotein cholesterol
insulin
linoleic acid
lipid
lipid binding protein
lipoprotein receptor
low density lipoprotein cholesterol
receptor subtype
scavenger receptor
animal
animal tissue
arteriosclerosis
article
atherogenesis
bile
blood
chemistry
cholesterol blood level
cholesterol diet
cis trans isomerism
conjugation
controlled study
diet supplementation
enzymology
feces
feces analysis
gallstone
glucose blood level
hamster
homeostasis
insulin resistance
lipid liver level
liver
male
metabolism
nonhuman
risk assessment
risk factor
sterol excretion
Animals
Arteriosclerosis
Bile
Biological Markers
Blood Glucose
Cricetinae
Dietary Fats