Assessing spillover from Marine Protected Areas and its drivers: a meta-analytical approach
Résumé
The ocean offers vital ecosystem services to mankind. However, human activities, especially overfishing, may seriously impact fish populations and ecosystems. Fully protected areas (FPAs) are an effective tool for biodiversity conservation and can sustain local fisheries via spillover, i.e. the export of juvenile and adult individuals from FPAs outwards. Yet, whether or not spillover is a general phenomenon following the establishment and effective management of an FPA is still controversial. Here, we developed a meta-analysis of a unique global database covering 23 FPAs in
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