The occurrence of the new accidents in the maritime sectors, and the gravity of the damages engendered by an insecure incident incite the authorities and the scientists of this field to strengthen more and more the analysis of the safety in this sector. the extent of management methods of risk has just been focused on these last year’s along with the evolution of this way of transporting especially with the appearance of the " highways of the sea ". In this same context, the appeal of a substantial method of analysis of risk is decisive. The study presented within the framework of this paper joins in this context and aims at the elaboration of a new methodological approach of management of the risk at sea. The objective of the research consists in the improvement and the intensification of the conventional methods of risks analysis applied in the maritime sector. Nowadays, the maritime regulations in safety turn out to be plentiful, heterogeneous and insufficient to guarantee a "good" level of safety. Besides, the conventions and the techniques of safety analysis implemented in the maritime sector, slam into several obstacles in particular those not considered systematically as concepts connected to the human factor during the analysis of the safety. Nevertheless, in the maritime sector, the human errors are at the origin of more than 80 % of the accidents. It is thus cardinal to set up a security system which takes into account not only the technical errors but especially the human errors. The present work proposes a new methodological approach of maritime risks analysis which has access to several techniques and complementary methods inspired by the other sectors in risks such as the railroad transport, the nuclear sector, etc. In fact, the methodology suggested brings in collectively the Preliminary method of analysis of the Risk (PAR), the process of field data feedback (FDF), field data feedback, as well as the human factor.