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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2020

Cardiovascular risk factors and near visual impairment among Congolese older people: EPIDEMCA-FU population-based cohort

Antoine Gbessemehlan
Catherine Helmer
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Cecile Delcourt
Farid Boumédiène
Bébène Ndamba-Bandzouzi
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  • PersonId : 974982
Pascal M'Belesso
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Gilles Kehoua
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Jean-François Dartigues
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Maëlenn Guerchet

Résumé

Objective: It is recognized that some cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) are involved in poor ocular health. The deleterious effects are potentially more pronounced among older adults. However, it is unknown whether CVRF are associated independently or not to Visual Impairment (VI) among African older people while both (CVRF and VI) are very common in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, we investigated the association between CVRF and near VI among Congolese older people. Methods: Participants were Congolese older people aged ≥ 65 years included in EPIDEMCA-FU (Epidemiology of Dementia in Central Africa - Follow-up) population-based cohort carried out from 2011 to 2015. Visual acuity was assessed at 30 cm using a Parinaud chart. Near VI was defined as having a visual acuity < 20/40. A cohort design was used taking all CVRF and covariates at baseline and visual acuity at 1st follow-up. Associations were investigated using multivariate logistic regression. Results: 549 participants were included in our analyses. Participants median age was 72 years [interquartile range: 68- 78 years] and 331 (60.3%) were females. In total, 378 had near VI (328 had mild/moderate near VI, 38 had severe VI and 12 were blind). Prevalence of near VI was 68.8% [95% Confidence Interval: 64.9% - 72.7%] and higher in males (71.1%; 95%CI: 65.1% - 77.1%) than females (67.4%; 95% CI: 62.3% - 72.4%). Of the CVRF explored, we found that having high BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (adjusted Odds Ratio = 2.31 [95%CI: 1.25 – 4.28]), diabetes (aOR=2.14 [95%CI: 1.07 – 4.29]) and hypertension (aOR=1.65 [95%CI: 1.03 – 2.66]) were independently associated with near VI. However, after adjustment on cognitive status, hypertension (full-adjusted OR=1.58 [95%CI: 0.97 – 2.58]) was no longer significantly associated with VI. There was no interaction between these CVRF. We found no significant association for alcohol consumption (p=0.541), smoking status (p=0.88), and indirect marker of poor diet (0.33) in our sample. Conclusion: Prevalence of near VI was high among Congolese older people. High BMI, diabetes, and hypertension were independently associated to near VI in this population. Our study suggests that these CVRF could represent targets for VI prevention. However, further studies are required to clarify underling mechanisms because these associations may be mediated by the presence of ocular conditions/eye diseases.
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Dates et versions

hal-02944208 , version 1 (21-09-2020)

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  • HAL Id : hal-02944208 , version 1

Citer

Antoine Gbessemehlan, Catherine Helmer, Cecile Delcourt, Farid Boumédiène, Bébène Ndamba-Bandzouzi, et al.. Cardiovascular risk factors and near visual impairment among Congolese older people: EPIDEMCA-FU population-based cohort. 37th World Ophthalmology Congress (WOC2020 Virtual), Jun 2020, Cape Town, South Africa. ⟨hal-02944208⟩
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