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Article Dans Une Revue Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A Année : 2020

Ground-based visible spectroscopy of asteroids to support the development of an unsupervised Gaia asteroid taxonomy

A. Cellino
Ph. Bendjoya
  • Fonction : Auteur
M. Delbo'
Laurent Galluccio
J. Gayon-Markt
  • Fonction : Auteur
P. Tanga
  • Fonction : Auteur
E.F. Tedesco
  • Fonction : Auteur

Résumé

Context. The Gaia mission of the European Space Agency is measuring reflectance spectra of a number of the order of 10 5 small solar system objects. A first sample will be published in the Gaia Data Release scheduled in 2021. Aims. The aim of our work was to test the procedure developed to obtain taxonomic classifications for asteroids based only on Gaia spectroscopic data. Methods. We used asteroid spectra obtained using the DOLORES (Device Optimized for the LOw RESolution) instrument, a lowresolution spectrograph and camera installed at the Nasmyth B focus of the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG). Because these spectra have a higher spectral resolution than that typical of the Gaia spectra, we resampled them to more closely match the expected Gaia spectral resolution. We then developed a cloning algorithm to build a database of asteroid spectra belonging to a variety of taxonomic classes, starting from a set of 33 prototypes chosen from the 50 asteroids in our observing campaign. We used them to generate a simulated population of 10,000 representative asteroid spectra and used them as the input to the algorithm for taxonomic classification developed to analyze Gaia asteroid spectra. Results. Using the simulated population of 10000 representative asteroid spectra in the algorithm that will be used to produce the Gaia asteroid taxonomy at the end of the mission we found twelve distinct taxonomic classes. Two of them, with 53% of the sample, are dominant. At the other extreme are three classes each with <1% of the sample and these consist of the previously known rare classes A, D/Ld, and V; 99.1% of the simulated population fall into a single class. Conclusions. We demonstrated the robustness of our algorithm for taxonomic classification by using a sample of simulated asteroid spectra fully representative of what is expected to be in the catalog of Gaia spectroscopic data for asteroids. Increasingly larger data sets will become available as soon as they are published in the future Gaia data releases, starting from the next one in 2021. This will be exploited to develop a correspondingly improved taxonomy, likely with minor tweaks to the algorithm described here, as suggested by the results of this preliminary analysis.
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Dates et versions

hal-02942763 , version 1 (12-12-2020)

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A. Cellino, Ph. Bendjoya, M. Delbo', Laurent Galluccio, J. Gayon-Markt, et al.. Ground-based visible spectroscopy of asteroids to support the development of an unsupervised Gaia asteroid taxonomy. Astronomy and Astrophysics - A&A, 2020, ⟨10.1051/0004-6361/202038246⟩. ⟨hal-02942763⟩
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