The landscape of scholarly journals in the Humanities has been changing rapidly over the past decade. From unaffordable, printed journals conceived as a tool for building up reputation in selected circles, they are now growing into the open access field, implementing various forms of peer review and reflecting on accessibility and circulation. The evolution in mentalities made necessary by changes in the scholarly ecosystem involves an adaptation of the publishing technologies and, more generally, of the management of the publishing process. In this overall context, this paper will concentrate more specifically on strategic issues (accessibility, challenges of openness) and on mechanisms of reputation building (reviewing formats, their implementation and their possible evolutions), both in their relationship to the technical opportunities offered by the TEI. First, the paper will address a series of publishing issues that are likely to be eased by using the TEI as a format for scholarly journals (among others questions of archiving, accessibility, interoperability, connection to the data). In a second step, it will draw from concrete examples to define the specific challenges involved by the use of the TEI in scholarly journals in the Humanities. The Open Edition Journals platform, the Journal of the TEI and the overlay platform episciences will serve as examples and lead to a discussion of the concept of publication itself. By addressing these questions, the paper offers a reflection on the meaning of the TEI for scholarly communities, and on its capacity to contribute to implementing not simply cosmetic, but truly epistemic changes in the Humanities.