Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma.
Christian Kubicek
,
Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
,
Verena Seidl-Seiboth
,
Diego Martinez
(1)
,
Irina Druzhinina
,
Michael Thon
(2)
,
Susanne Zeilinger
,
Sergio Casas-Flores
(3)
,
Benjamin Horwitz
(4)
,
Prasun Mukherjee
,
Mala Mukherjee
,
László Kredics
(5)
,
Luis Alcaraz
,
Andrea A. Aerts
(6)
,
Zsuzsanna Antal
,
Lea Atanasova
,
Mayte Cervantes-Badillo
(3)
,
Jean Challacombe
(6)
,
Olga Chertkov
(7)
,
Kevin Mccluskey
(8)
,
Fanny Coulpier
(9)
,
Nandan Deshpande
(10)
,
Hans von Döhren
,
Daniel Ebbole
(11)
,
Edgardo Esquivel-Naranjo
,
Erzsébet Fekete
,
Michel Flipphi
,
Fabian Glaser
(4)
,
Elida Gómez-Rodríguez
(3)
,
Sabine Gruber
,
Cliff Han
(12)
,
Bernard Henrissat
(13)
,
Rosa Hermosa
,
Miguel Hernández-Oñate
,
Levente Karaffa
,
Idit Kosti
(4)
,
Stéphane Le Crom
(9)
,
Erika Lindquist
(6)
,
Susan Lucas
(12)
,
Mette Lübeck
(14)
,
Peter Lübeck
(14)
,
Antoine Margeot
(15)
,
Benjamin Metz
,
Monica Misra
(16)
,
Helena Nevalainen
(10)
,
Markus Omann
,
Nicolle Packer
(10)
,
Giancarlo Perrone
(17)
,
Edith Uresti-Rivera
(3)
,
Asaf Salamov
(6)
,
Monika Schmoll
(18)
,
Bernhard Seiboth
(18)
,
Harris Shapiro
(6)
,
Serenella Sukno
(2)
,
Juan Antonio Tamayo-Ramos
(19)
,
Doris Tisch
,
Aric Wiest
(8)
,
Heather Wilkinson
(20)
,
Michael Zhang
(6)
,
Pedro Coutinho
(13)
,
Charles Kenerley
(20)
,
Scott Baker
(6)
,
Igor Grigoriev
(12)
1
MIT -
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
2 Universidad de Salamanca [España] = University of Salamanca [Spain]
3 IPICYT - Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica
4 Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa]
5 University of Szeged [Szeged]
6 DOE Joint Genome Institute [Walnut Creek]
7 LANL - Los Alamos National Laboratory
8 UMKC - University of Missouri [Kansas City]
9 Genomique ENS - GenomiqueENS
10 Macquarie University
11 Texas A&M University System
12 DOE - Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute
13 AFMB - Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques
14 AAU - Aalborg University [Denmark]
15 IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
16 Joint Genome Institute (JGI)
17 ISPA - Institute of Sciences of Food Production
18 TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology = Technische Universität Wien
19 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
20 Texas A&M University [College Station]
2 Universidad de Salamanca [España] = University of Salamanca [Spain]
3 IPICYT - Instituto Potosino de Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnologica
4 Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa]
5 University of Szeged [Szeged]
6 DOE Joint Genome Institute [Walnut Creek]
7 LANL - Los Alamos National Laboratory
8 UMKC - University of Missouri [Kansas City]
9 Genomique ENS - GenomiqueENS
10 Macquarie University
11 Texas A&M University System
12 DOE - Department of Energy / Joint Genome Institute
13 AFMB - Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques
14 AAU - Aalborg University [Denmark]
15 IFPEN - IFP Energies nouvelles
16 Joint Genome Institute (JGI)
17 ISPA - Institute of Sciences of Food Production
18 TU Wien - Vienna University of Technology = Technische Universität Wien
19 WUR - Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen]
20 Texas A&M University [College Station]
Christian Kubicek
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 919336
Alfredo Herrera-Estrella
- Fonction : Auteur
Verena Seidl-Seiboth
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 937936
Irina Druzhinina
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 937937
Susanne Zeilinger
- Fonction : Auteur
Prasun Mukherjee
- Fonction : Auteur
Mala Mukherjee
- Fonction : Auteur
Luis Alcaraz
- Fonction : Auteur
Zsuzsanna Antal
- Fonction : Auteur
Lea Atanasova
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 937933
Hans von Döhren
- Fonction : Auteur
Edgardo Esquivel-Naranjo
- Fonction : Auteur
Erzsébet Fekete
- Fonction : Auteur
Michel Flipphi
- Fonction : Auteur
Sabine Gruber
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 937934
Bernard Henrissat
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 833340
Rosa Hermosa
- Fonction : Auteur
Miguel Hernández-Oñate
- Fonction : Auteur
Levente Karaffa
- Fonction : Auteur
Stéphane Le Crom
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 13760
- IdHAL : stephane-le-crom
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0534-7797
- IdRef : 164734627
Benjamin Metz
- Fonction : Auteur
Markus Omann
- Fonction : Auteur
Bernhard Seiboth
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 919335
Doris Tisch
- Fonction : Auteur
Igor Grigoriev
- Fonction : Auteur
- PersonId : 791663
- ORCID : 0000-0002-3136-8903
- IdRef : 229928536
Résumé
Background: Mycoparasitism, a lifestyle where one fungus is parasitic on another fungus, has special relevance when the prey is a plant pathogen, providing a strategy for biological control of pests for plant protection. Probably, the most studied biocontrol agents are species of the genus Hypocrea/Trichoderma.
Results: Here we report an analysis of the genome sequences of the two biocontrol species Trichoderma atroviride (teleomorph Hypocrea atroviridis) and Trichoderma virens (formerly Gliocladium virens, teleomorph Hypocrea virens), and a comparison with Trichoderma reesei (teleomorph Hypocrea jecorina). These three Trichoderma species display a remarkable conservation of gene order (78 to 96%), and a lack of active mobile elements probably due to repeat-induced point mutation. Several gene families are expanded in the two mycoparasitic species relative to T. reesei or other ascomycetes, and are overrepresented in non-syntenic genome regions. A phylogenetic analysis shows that T. reesei and T. virens are derived relative to T. atroviride. The mycoparasitism-specific genes thus arose in a common Trichoderma ancestor but were subsequently lost in T. reesei.
Conclusions: The data offer a better understanding of mycoparasitism, and thus enforce the development of improved biocontrol strains for efficient and environmentally friendly protection of plants.
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