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Poster De Conférence Année : 2018

A comparative study of MPPT algorithms to optimal power extraction of a photovoltaic panel

Résumé

The demand for electrical energy has been increasing in recent years as well as the constraints related to its production. Thus, more electrical energy will be produced by photovoltaic process which is the conversion of sunlight into electricity because it is inexhaustible energy, developable everywhere, clean and requires little maintenance. The drawbacks of this source of energy are the intermittency of the photovoltaic source and the power supplied by the photovoltaic generator depends on unpredictable meteorological conditions. Among the solutions to remedy this, it is possible to consider the storage of energy in batteries and the implementation of a strategy of the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) to extract at any time the maximum power. Indeed, the improvement of the efficiency of the photovoltaic generator requires optimal operation of the DC-DC converters used as an interface between the photovoltaic generator and the load to be powered. The principle of this control is based on the automatic variation of the duty cycle of the converters by bringing it to the optimal value so as to maximize the power delivered by the photovoltaic module. This work studies and compares the most popular MPPT algorithms. The Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm is based on a periodic disturbance of the voltage at the terminals of the photovoltaic module and the comparison of the output power of the photovoltaic module with that of the previous disturbance cycle. The INcremental of Conductance (INC) algorithm uses the knowledge of the conductance value and the increment of conductance to derive the position of the operating point from the point of maximum power. The Hill Climbing (HC) algorithm is based on the duty cycle in each sampling period that is determined by comparing the current power to the previous one. The algorithm for measuring a fraction of the open-circuit voltage (FCO) is based on the linear relationship between the open circuit voltage and the voltage at the peak power point. The algorithm for measuring a short circuit current fraction (FCC) is a technique based on the linear relationship between the short-circuit current and the current at the point of maximum power. Finally, the fuzzy logic control algorithm (FLC) works with inaccurate inputs that do not require a precise mathematical model. All of these techniques have been implemented under the MatLab/Simulink environment to manage the duty cycle. The comparison of the results obtained under different operating conditions shows that the FLC algorithm is the fastest in terms of stabilization time with a response time of 0.005 seconds. It shows good oscillation behavior around the operating point. The latter is followed by the P&O algorithm with a response time of 0.06 seconds, by the INC algorithm with a time of 0.07 seconds, by the Hill Climbing (HC) algorithm with a response time of 0.08 seconds, by the FCC and FCO algorithms with a response time of 0.10 and 0.11 seconds, respectively. The power of the different MPPT algorithms is evaluated at the maximum power point with a 40 W photovoltaic module. The fuzzy logic control algorithm (FLC) gives the best results by extracting 39.8 W, followed by P&O algorithms (38 W), INC (37.5W), HC (36W), FCC (35W) and FCO (34W).
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Dates et versions

hal-02875968 , version 1 (19-06-2020)

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  • HAL Id : hal-02875968 , version 1

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Claude Bertin Nzoundja Fapi, Patrice Wira, Martin Kamta. A comparative study of MPPT algorithms to optimal power extraction of a photovoltaic panel. I URCforSR International Conference, Sep 2018, Strasbourg, France. ⟨hal-02875968⟩
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