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Communication Dans Un Congrès Année : 2006

Simulation of rainfall interception processes for pollution hazards estimation under banana plants

Résumé

Rainfall interception by plant canopies varies according to the plant structure and raindrop physical properties. Banana plant architecture provides important rainfall redistribution as stemflow (water flux on the stem) and throughfall (water fluxes through the foliage). Experimental measurements of drop diameters under banana plants showed the plant structure affected the drop size distribution by generating large drip diameters. Large kinetic energies and dripping rates may affect soil erosion as well as location of fertilizers and pesticides spread to the soil near the plant collars and sprayed on the leaves. Theses agrochemicals can be leached and carried to surface or ground waters, threatening environment and human health. In order to locate these hazard zones, we used the DROP (Distribution of Rainfall On Plants) model combining first 3-D representation of the plant architecture given by digitising and triangulation, second rainfall distribution simulation according to the plant physical properties. Firstly, thanks to experimental measurements we developed empirical laws describing splash and storage losses at the leaf surfaces. Secondly, we introduced these laws into the model to improve the simulation of rainfall distribution under the foliage. Thus, splash and storage amounts resulting from incident rainfall interception were evaluated according to leaf inclination, drop diameter and drop fall height. Experimental results showed splash increased with fall height and decreased with leaf inclination. Storage was not affected by fall height, increased with drop diameter and decreased exponentially with leaf inclination. Interception lows inferred from these results improved significantly DROP water flux simulation which provided in agreement with measurements 1 mm interception losses on average per rainfall event. Moreover, high kinetic energies and rainfall rates were simulated in a ring comprised between ½ and ¾ of the maximum crown radius. In addition to stemflow area, this ring could be considered as a zone favouring agrochemicals leaching or run-off.
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Dates et versions

hal-02751840 , version 1 (03-06-2020)

Identifiants

  • HAL Id : hal-02751840 , version 1
  • PRODINRA : 21831

Citer

Celine Bassette, François Bussière. Simulation of rainfall interception processes for pollution hazards estimation under banana plants. 15. Meeting of Caribbean academy of sciences (CAS), May 2006, Le Gosier (Guadeloupe), France. ⟨hal-02751840⟩

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