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              <p>The vertical distributions of heterotrophs, NO 3--reducers and denitrifiers, specific respiratory and denitrifying activities were studied in the upper vadose zone of two profiles, distinguished from each other by the risk of transitory anaerobic conditions. According to pedological observations, 3 and 4 layers were defined in the fluvic hypercalcaric cambisol and haplic calcisol profiles, respectively. Bacterial enumerations were performed using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method. Aerobic respiratory and denitrifying activities were estimated from the depletion of O 2 and the accumulation of N 2O in the presence of C 2H 2, respectively, for soil in sealed flasks incubated in optimal conditions. The denitrifier - to - heterotroph ratio indicates that the denitrifying ability favors micro-organisms in the competition for deep layer colonization in the poorly aerated site. Whereas specific aerobic respiration does not vary or increase with depth, the specific denitrifying activity decreases with depth and is mostly affected by organic-C in the poorly aerated site. The use of specific denitrifying activity should be accounted for in models of denitrification</p>
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              <p>Dénitrification dans la zone non saturée superficielle : comparaison entre un fluvic hypercalcaric cambisol et un haplic calcisol . Dans cette étude les distributions verticales des micro-organismes hétérotrophes, des réducteurs de nitrate et des dénitrifiants, ainsi que de leurs activités spécifiques respiratoires et dénitrifiantes, ont été comparées dans la zone non saturée superficielle de deux sites se distinguant par le risque de conditions anoxiques transitoires. Suite à une caractérisation pédologique, 3 et 4 horizons ont été distingués respectivement aux niveaux d'un fluvic hypercalcaric cambisol et d'un haplic calcisol. Les nombres de bactéries ont été estimés par la méthode du nombre le plus probable (MPN). Les activités respiratoire aérobie et dénitrifiante ont été caractérisées par le suivi respectif de la disparition de O 2 ou de l'accumulation de N 2O en présence de C 2H 2, pour du sol incubé en conditions optimales à l'intérieur de flacons scellés. Le rapport dénitrifiants/hétérotrophes indique que l'aptitude à dénitrifier donne un avantage dans la compétition pour coloniser les horizons profonds du site le moins bien aéré. Alors que l'activité respiratoire aérobie spécifique semble constante ou s'accroître avec la profondeur, l'activité spécifique dénitrifiante décroît. Elle est affectée par le C-organique plus faible dans le site moins aéré. L'introduction de l'activité spécifique dénitrifiante dans les modèles de dénitrification pourrait améliorer les prédictions de concentration en NO 3- arrivant à la nappe.</p>
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