Cultivation of algae in photobioreactors for biodiesel production
Résumé
Some of the intrinsic capacities of photosynthetic microorganisms such as microalgae and cyanobacteria make them especially promising primary resources, in particular, for biofuel production. However, their cultivation requires designing and optimizing specific processes to allow efficient cost-effective solar exploitation.This chapter presents an overview of the principle parameters governing microalgal cultivation systems. Their respective influences on the processes and methods used to overcome the main limitations are presented. A theoretical background is also given for the particular case of light-limiting conditions, allowing maximal biomass productivities to be achieved. The case of production of lipids-enriched microalgae for biodiesel application will also be addressed. We end with general description of current technology (open ponds and photobioreactors), with a discussion of their respective relevance to the specific constraints of mass-scale production of microalgae for energy production purposes.
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