Reflecting on violence against queer and trans peoples, and the limits of language and translation in understanding queer and trans experiences, this chapter theorizes inescapable incommensurabilities of translating queer, trans, hijra, and other gender non-conforming identities in India. We do so by centring on anti-caste and decolonial theoretical frameworks, especially in view of the caste structures and the past and ongoing colonial and postcolonial processes in the making of the Indian nation-state. Centring on these contradictions and tensions, in this chapter we ask: How are processes of homophobia and transphobia shaped through colonialism and caste structures in postcolonial India? Are words like "queer" and "trans" applicable in the Indian context or are they impositions of the global north? How does brahminical supremacy shape all queer and gender non-conforming identities? If English functions as the imperial language in India, how can the corpus of available translations support a decolonial praxis in the queer Indian context?