ANALYSIS OF THE REFORMS PROCESS IN UN FROM PRISM OF THE POLITICAL PERSONALITIES
Résumé
New global problems emerging in 90 th , increasing the number of regional conflicts made the UN organize greater and more complex missions. But recently the weakness of the UN while resolution of the regional conflicts, not implementation of adopted resolutions creates questions about the necessity of keeping or not this organization in the power. The veto right of the permanent members is one of the worst gaps of the SC and this power made the organization non-democratic. Permanent and temporary members of the SC are selected from the regions according to the Cold War period and injustice is noticed in this choice clearly. No any Muslim country has permanent membership right in the Security Council. Africa, Latin America and Caribbean region don't have permanent representatives, although the second one is the second most dense continent. Inequality between numbers of members of the SC and GA is one of the main faults of the SC. There are 193 states in the GA, 15 states are represented in the SC. 5 permanent states out of these 15 control the world. Temporary states have limited responsibilities. If 14 members vote of any decision while being adopted and only one permanent member votes against that, the decision is not adopted. If 9 members including 5 permanent members vote in favor of any decision and six members vote against it, the decision is adopted. Existence of contradiction among the permanent members of the SC emerging from not satisfaction of geopolitical interests, having veto in the mechanism of the UN and non-democratic voting in adoption of decisions hinder adjustment of international and regional conflicts. Therefore, dual standards appear in the activity of the states applying veto in favor of own interests and of the states against them. That's why there is need for useful reforms in the organization especially with positive effect in adjustment of regional and international conflicts. the likelihood of the permanent members to apply veto on decisions for cancellation of the right of veto by using their rights in the SC is very high. That's why decision related to cancellation of the right of veto can be adopted in the GA. Resolution of "Uniting for Peace" adopted in 1950 gives this opportunity to the GA. With the condition of increasing the responsibilities of the GA, the UN must not be only interstates, but also international type of organization, it must take its position over the administration of states along with keeping their sovereignty and it must play independent role in international relations. One of the main reasons of the UN not having the effectiveness in its mediation is not proper identification of the conflicting parties. The UN doesn't differentiate the aggressor state and self-defensive state exactly in its resolutions. The collaboration should be achieved between the Security Council and International Court. If the Security Council can not define the aggression act, the International Court must implement this right. The SC's application of non-alternative international economic sanctions against the guilty party on implementing its resolutions may result in not only compliance of international norms of law, but also reinforcement of mutual, multidirectional cooperation and its turn this may bring balance into international relations.