Within the framework of a collaborative project between the Scientific Institute of Rabat and the National Museum of Natural History of Paris, several field studies were conducted to better characterise the small terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity in Morocco (rodents, shrews, amphibians, squamates), through faunistic inventories, genetic analyses and morphometrics studies. We present here the results of the first field campaign, realised in April 2010 in the central part of Morocco (Ben Slimane, Berrechid, Settat, Ben Guerir). The small vertebrate fauna of this region, an area of large cultivated plains between Casablanca and Marrakech, is still poorly known. During this field work we collected 333 specimens belonging to 23 species: 227 small mammals (9 species), 74 amphibians plus 76 tadpole samples (6 species) and 32 squamates (8 species). The trapping success was globally satisfactory, giving a good idea of the small vertebrates’ biodiversity in this region. For some species, comparisons were made with the collections of the Scientific Institute of Rabat. Genetic and morphometrics analyses are in progress, and will allow us to improve the knowledge of the evolutionary history of these small vertebrates at a population and community scale.