Room Temperature Blocked Magnetic Nanoparticles Based on Ferrite Promoted by a Three-Step Thermal Decomposition Process
Résumé
Exchange coupled nanoparticles that combine hard and soft magnetic phases are very promising to enhance the effective magnetic anisotropy while preserving sizes below 20 nm. However, the core−shell structure is usually insufficient to produce rare earth-free ferro(i)-magnetic blocked nanoparticles at room temperature. We report on onion-type magnetic nanoparticles prepared by a three-step seed mediated growth based on the thermal decomposition method. The core@shell@shell structure consists of a core and an external shell of Fe 3−δ O 4 separated by an intermediate Co-doped ferrite shell. The double exchange coupling at both core@shell and shell@ shell interfaces results in such an increased of the magnetic anisotropy energy, that onion-type nanoparticles of 16 nm mainly based on iron oxide are blocked at room temperature. We envision that these results are very appealing for potential applications based on permanent magnets. H ard−soft coupled magnetic nanoparticles have gained a tremendous amount of interest during the past decade for short-term development of advanced applications related to spintronics (magnetoresistive sensors, magnetic recording, etc.). 1 Indeed, they are a potential alternative to produce permanent magnets 2 in order to circumvent supply storage caused by the critical need for rare earth elements in communications and mobility applications. With this purpose, the main goal is to overcome superparamagnetism, which results from size reduction to the nanoscale. 3 A very attractive approach is the design of core−shell nanoparticles that combine hard and soft magnetic phases in direct contact. 4
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