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            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LYON1">Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I</idno>
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            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LYON">Université de Lyon</idno>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Annoyance I-INCE Classification of Subject Number: 36</term>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Noise</term>
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              <p>Workers exposed to high noise levels are generally required to wear hearing protection devices (HPDs). For security reasons, it is important to evaluate whether the audibility of warning signals in noise is impeded when using HPDs, especially for hearing-impaired workers. The typical method to assess the effect of HPDs is to perform subjective experiments which require large populations with various degrees of hearing impairment to get statistically significant results. To ease the evaluation of the combined effects of HPDs and hearing impairment, two alternative methods are proposed. First, sound simulations have been used to reproduce the combined effects of impairment and HPDs to perform listening tests on normal hearing listeners. Qualitatively, the effects are successfully simulated. Second, a detection model has been developed to predict masked thresholds of warning signals in presence of background noise. Even though it overestimates the detrimental effects of HPDs, the model is qualitatively in agreement with the experimental data. 1 ossen.elsawaf@inrs.fr 2 jean-pierre.arz@inrs.fr 3 nicolas.grimault@cnrs.fr 4 patrick.chevret@inrs.fr Overall, these results should help to produce general recommendations for security purpose at work.</p>
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