Janus effect of internal control or the interaction between hard and soft controls
L’effet "Janus" du contrôle interne ou l’interaction de ses aspects formels et informels
Résumé
The aim of this article is to show, through an exhaustive review of the literature on the subject, that controlling an organization can not be limited to the formal aspects of control (hard controls) and that the informal aspects (soft controls) are both delicate to define and complementary to better cover the risks. The first part of this article is devoted to defining and setting up, sometimes inflationary, layers of formal controls, as well as the problems associated with the successive addition of these regulations. The second part attempts to define or, at least, approach the aspects of informal controls, in order to reach, in the last part, the question of the nature of the interaction between the two aspects of internal control.
L’objectif de cet article est de montrer, à travers une revue exhaustive de la littérature sur le sujet, que maîtriser une organisation ne peut se limiter aux aspects formels du contrôle (hard controls) et que les aspects informels (soft controls) sont à la fois délicats à définir et complémentaires pour couvrir au mieux les risques. La première partie de cet article est consacrée à la définition et à la mise en place, parfois inflationniste, de strates de contrôles formels, ainsi qu’aux problèmes liés à l’ajout successif de ces réglementations. La seconde partie tente de définir ou, du moins, d’approcher, les aspects des contrôles informels, afin d’aboutir, dans une dernière partie, à la question de la nature de l’interaction entre les deux aspects du contrôle interne.
The aim of this article is to show, through an exhaustive review of the literature on the subject, that controlling an organization can not be limited to the formal aspects of control (hard controls) and that the informal aspects (soft controls) are both delicate to define and complementary to better cover the risks. The first part of this article is devoted to defining and setting up, sometimes inflationary, layers of formal controls, as well as the problems associated with the successive addition of these regulations. The second part attempts to define or, at least, approach the aspects of informal controls, in order to reach, in the last part, the question of the nature of the interaction between the two aspects of internal control.
The aim of this article is to show, through an exhaustive review of the literature on the subject, that controlling an organization can not be limited to the formal aspects of control (hard controls) and that the informal aspects (soft controls) are both delicate to define and complementary to better cover the risks. The first part of this article is devoted to defining and setting up, sometimes inflationary, layers of formal controls, as well as the problems associated with the successive addition of these regulations. The second part attempts to define or, at least, approach the aspects of informal controls, in order to reach, in the last part, the question of the nature of the interaction between the two aspects of internal control.