New development in the CMS ECAL Level-1 trigger system to meet the challenges of LHC Run 2
Abstract
Abstract - The CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) provides energy sums to the Level-1Calorimeter Trigger at a rate of 40 MHz. The processing of these trigger primitives (TPs) isperformed by dedicated trigger concentrator cards (TCCs) located in the CMS service cavern.Updates to the functionality of the TCCs were required to respond to the challengingexperimental conditions of LHC Run 2, where the center-of-mass of proton-proton collisionenergy was 13 TeV and the peak instantaneous luminosity of the proton beams reached 2x1034cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. A new algorithm, termed the Cumulative Overflow Killing Engine (COKE), has beendeveloped and implemented via software and firmware updates to the TCCs in order toautomatically detect and mask noisy or problematic TPs via configurable thresholds. The autorecovery of the TCCs has also been improved, to manage the Single Event Upsets (SEUs) fromthe front-end electronics. This allows the detector to trigger efficiently without direct expertintervention, and the thresholds can evolve with evolving LHC conditions.