Modelling and supporting the career development of sports officials
Résumé
Although there are a variety of different types of sports officials, such as the interactor, reactor and monitor (MacMahon & Plessner, 2008; Plessner & MacMahon, 2013), there is little work that considers the principles of skill acquisition, different stages of development, sources of skill transfer, and pathways for sports officials. The FTEM model (Foundation, Talent, Elite, Mastery) and framework (Gulbin, Croser, Morley & Weissensteiner, 2013) have been adapted to officiating (MacMahon, Mascarenhas, Plessner, Pizzera, Oudejans, & Raab, 2015) to provide a platform to address this gap. We will present the continued development and refinement of the FTEM-O (Foundation, Talent, Elite, Mastery-Officiating) framework, which considers the 3D-AD model (Gulbin & Weissensteiner, 2013), in profiling the individual, and understanding the environmental and system supports throughout development. In this context, we will present current research aiming to create a new skill and competencies framework to facilitate the career change of sports officials. The construction of this support is based on the study of the officials’ activity during the match as well as out of it. It aims to access the developed experience and knowledge bases of high-level officials in order to support the retirement process and, in parallel, the development of training pathways for new officials.