<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-02182349v2</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-25T20:17:57+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Understanding the Role of Alternatives in Data Analysis Practices</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Jiali</forename>
                <surname>Liu</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">64cd0be5311f67f8a35f7dafd0828881</email>
              <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1112641</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2303509-1112641</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-484335"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Nadia</forename>
                <surname>Boukhelifa</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">923fab3a5625dc2cf24213ab5f0dc8e9</email>
              <email type="domain">inrae.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nadia-boukhelifa</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">182402</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">14959-182402</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/253133858</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-8022</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-1002311"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">James</forename>
                <surname>Eagan</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">0c1dece06acbc3583acb625e006b13df</email>
              <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">eaganj</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">17453</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">629497-17453</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7107-7035</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-300362"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-121818"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-554443"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>James</forename>
                <surname>Eagan</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">0c1dece06acbc3583acb625e006b13df</email>
              <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
            </editor>
            <funder ref="#projanr-37744"/>
            <funder>Institut Mines-Telecom (Futur &amp; Ruptures project Data Expression)ANR-10-EQPX-26-01</funder>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2019-07-12 16:38:17</date>
            </edition>
            <edition n="v2" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2021-08-31 16:03:08</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-02-04 03:29:32</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2021-08-31 16:04:16</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2019-08-19</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2019-10-16</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://telecom-paris.hal.science/hal-02182349v2/document">
                <date notBefore="2019-10-16"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://telecom-paris.hal.science/hal-02182349v2/file/alternatives.pdf" id="file-2317837-2921115">
                <date notBefore="2019-10-16"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="externalLink" target="https://hal.telecom-paris.fr/hal-02182349v2/file/alternatives.pdf"/>
              <fs>
                <f name="inra_etatDocument_local" notation="numeric">
                  <numeric>0</numeric>
                </f>
                <f name="inra_etatDocument_local" notation="string" n="0">
                  <string>inra_etatDocument_local_0</string>
                </f>
                <f name="inra_publicVise_local" notation="string" n="SC">
                  <string>inra_publicVise_local_SC</string>
                </f>
              </fs>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="497901">
                <persName>
                  <forename>James</forename>
                  <surname>Eagan</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">0c1dece06acbc3583acb625e006b13df</email>
                <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-02182349</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://telecom-paris.hal.science/hal-02182349</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">liu:hal-02182349</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics&lt;/i&gt;, 2019, IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics, 26 (1), pp.66--76. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934593"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934593&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 2019, IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics, 26 (1), pp.66--76. &amp;#x27E8;10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934593&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-2317837-2921115"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="AGROPARISTECH">AgroParisTech</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ENST">Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TELECOM-PARISTECH" corresp="PARISTECH">Télécom Paris</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="PARISTECH">ParisTech</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LORIA2">Publications du LORIA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="MIA-PARIS">MIA-Paris</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="AGREENIUM">Archive ouverte en agrobiosciences</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LTCI" corresp="TELECOM-PARISTECH">Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INFRES" corresp="TELECOM-PARISTECH">Département Informatique et Réseaux</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="DIVA" corresp="TELECOM-PARISTECH">Equipe Design, Interaction, Visualization and Applications </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IP_PARIS">Institut Polytechnique de Paris</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUTS-TELECOM">composantes instituts telecom </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRAE">Institut National de Recherche en Agriculture, Alimentation et Environnement</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="ANR">ANR</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="GS-MATHEMATIQUES">Graduate School Mathématiques</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="GS-COMPUTER-SCIENCE">Graduate School Computer Science</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="MATHNUM">Département MathNum</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TEST-MATHNUM">Test MathNum</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUT-MINES-TELECOM">Institut Mines Telecom</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IP-PARIS-DEPARTEMENT-MATHEMATIQUES">Département de Mathèmatiques</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IP-PARIS-MATHEMATIQUES">IP Paris Département de Mathématiques</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IP-PARIS-INFORMATION-COMMUNICATION-ELECTRONIQUE">IP Paris Département d'Information, de Communication et d'Électronique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="IP-PARIS-INFORMATIQUE-DONNEES-ET-IA">IP Paris Département d'Informatique, de Données et d'IA</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Understanding the Role of Alternatives in Data Analysis Practices</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Jiali</forename>
                    <surname>Liu</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">64cd0be5311f67f8a35f7dafd0828881</email>
                  <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1112641</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">2303509-1112641</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-484335"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Nadia</forename>
                    <surname>Boukhelifa</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">923fab3a5625dc2cf24213ab5f0dc8e9</email>
                  <email type="domain">inrae.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">nadia-boukhelifa</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">182402</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">14959-182402</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/253133858</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0541-8022</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-1002311"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">James</forename>
                    <surname>Eagan</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">0c1dece06acbc3583acb625e006b13df</email>
                  <email type="domain">telecom-paris.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">eaganj</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">17453</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">629497-17453</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7107-7035</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-300362"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-121818"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-554443"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">5405</idno>
                <idno type="issn">1077-2626</idno>
                <title level="j">IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="serie">IEEE Transactions of Visualization and Computer Graphics</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">26</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">66--76</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2019-08-19</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1109/TVCG.2019.2934593</idno>
              <idno type="pubmed">31425115</idno>
              <idno type="wos">000506166100007</idno>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">alternatives</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">data workers</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">data analysis</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">data science</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">sensemaking</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">qualitative study</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info">Computer Science [cs]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-hc">Computer Science [cs]/Human-Computer Interaction [cs.HC]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Data workers are people who perform data analysis activities as a part of their daily work but do not formally identify as data scientists. They come from various domains and often need to explore diverse sets of hypotheses and theories, a variety of data sources, algorithms, methods, tools, and visual designs. Taken together, we call these alternatives. To better understand and characterize the role of alternatives in their analyses, we conducted semi-structured interviews with 12 data workers with different types of expertise. We conducted four types of analyses to understand 1) why data workers explore alternatives; 2) the different notions of alternatives and how they fit into the sensemaking process; 3) the high-level processes around alternatives; and 4) their strategies to generate, explore, and manage those alternatives. We find that participants' diverse levels of domain and computational expertise, experience with different tools, and collaboration within their broader context play an important role in how they explore these alternatives. These findings call out the need for more attention towards a deeper understanding of alternatives and the need for better tools to facilitate the exploration, interpretation, and management of alternatives. Drawing upon these analyses and findings, we present a framework based on participants' 1) degree of attention, 2) abstraction level, and 3) analytic processes. We show how this framework can help understand how data workers consider such alternatives in their analyses and how tool designers might create tools to better support them.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-484335" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">162384270</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0000 9194 9502</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">200319327Z</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/057er4c39</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l'Information</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LTCI</orgName>
          <date type="start">2017-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Télécom Paris 19 Place Marguerite Perey 91120 PALAISEAU</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.telecom-paris.fr/fr/recherche/laboratoires/laboratoire-traitement-et-communication-de-linformation-ltci</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1048346" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-563936" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-1002311" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201119642G</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00780az30</idno>
          <orgName>Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">MIA Paris-Saclay</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>22 place de l'Agronomie CS 20040 91123 Palaiseau cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://mia-ps.inrae.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-148117" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-419361" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR0518" active="#struct-577435" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-121818" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Département Informatique et Réseaux</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INFRES</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>46, rue Barrault 75013 Paris</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.telecom-paris.fr/fr/recherche/laboratoires/laboratoire-traitement-et-communication-de-linformation-ltci/les-departements-denseignement-et-recherche</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300362" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-554443" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Design, Interaction, Visualization &amp; Applications</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">DIVA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2019-02-22</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Télécom Paris 19 Place Marguerite Perey 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.telecom-paris.fr/fr/recherche/laboratoires/laboratoire-traitement-et-communication-de-linformation-ltci/les-equipes-de-recherche/design-interaction-visualization-applications-diva</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-484335" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-1048346" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-563936" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-302102" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">192427156</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012202567X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/025vp2923</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q27962533</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-03-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-1048346" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">026375273</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000 0001 2108 2779</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01naq7912</idno>
          <orgName>Télécom Paris</orgName>
          <date type="start">2019-06-12</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>19 Place Marguerite Perey 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.telecom-paris.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-563936" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-563936" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">238327159</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000502717600</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/042tfbd02</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q48759778</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Polytechnique de Paris</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IP Paris</orgName>
          <date type="start">2019-06-02</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Route de Saclay, 91120 Palaiseau Cedex, France</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.ip-paris.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-148117" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">139408088</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kbmgc12</idno>
          <orgName>AgroParisTech</orgName>
          <date type="start">2007-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>22 place de l'Agronomie CS 20040 91123 Palaiseau cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.agroparistech.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-419361" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">241345251</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03xjwb503</idno>
          <orgName>Université Paris-Saclay</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Bâtiment Bréguet, 3 Rue Joliot Curie 2e ét, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.universite-paris-saclay.fr/fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-577435" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/003vg9w96</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">INRAE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2020-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300362" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/01naq7912</idno>
          <orgName>Télécom ParisTech</orgName>
          <date type="start">2008-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2019-06-11</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>46 rue Barrault 75634 Paris Cedex 13</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.telecom-paris.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
      <listOrg type="projects">
        <org type="anrProject" xml:id="projanr-37744" status="VALID">
          <idno type="anr">ANR-10-EQPX-0026</idno>
          <idno type="program">Equipements d'excellence</idno>
          <orgName>DIGISCOPE</orgName>
          <desc>Infrastructure haute performance pour la visualisation interactive et collaborative</desc>
          <date type="start">2010</date>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>