Tracking Five Millennia of Horse Management with Extensive Ancient Genome Time Series
Antoine Fages
(1, 2)
,
Kristian Hanghøj
(1, 2)
,
Naveed Khan
(3)
,
Charleen Gaunitz
(2)
,
Andaine Seguin-Orlando
(4, 1)
,
Michela Leonardi
(2, 5)
,
Christian Mccrory Constantz
(2)
,
Cristina Gamba
(6, 2)
,
Khaled A.S. Al-Rasheid
(7)
,
Silvia Albizuri
(8, 9)
,
Ahmed H Alfarhan
(7)
,
Morten Allentoft
(2)
,
Saleh Alquraishi
(7)
,
David Anthony
(10)
,
Nurbol Baimukhanov
(11)
,
James Barrett
(12)
,
Jamsranjav Bayarsaikhan
(13)
,
Norbert Benecke
(14)
,
Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez
,
Luis Berrocal-Rangel
,
Fereidoun Biglari
(15)
,
Sanne Boessenkool
,
Bazartseren Boldgiv
,
Gottfried Brem
(16)
,
Dorcas Brown
,
Joachim Burger
,
Eric Crubezy
(1)
,
Linas Daugnora
,
Hossein Davoudi
(17)
,
Peter de Barros Damgaard
,
María de Los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos
,
Sabine Deschler-Erb
,
Cleia Detry
(18)
,
Nadine Dill
,
Maria Do Mar Oom
,
Anna Dohr
,
Sturla Ellingvåg
,
Diimaajav Erdenebaatar
,
Homa Fathi
,
Sabine Felkel
,
Carlos Fernandez-Rodriguez
(19)
,
Esteban García-Viñas
,
Mietje Germonpré
(20)
,
José Granado
,
Jón Hallsson
,
Helmut Hemmer
,
Michael Hofreiter
(21)
,
Aleksei Kasparov
,
Mutalib Khasanov
(22)
,
Roya Khazaeli
,
Pavel Kosintsev
,
Kristian Kristiansen
,
Tabaldiev Kubatbek
,
Lukas Kuderna
,
Pavel Kuznetsov
,
Haeedeh Laleh
,
Jennifer Leonard
,
Johanna Lhuillier
(23)
,
Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck
,
Andrey Logvin
,
Lembi Lõugas
,
Arne Ludwig
(24)
,
Cristina Luis
,
Ana Margarida Arruda
(18)
,
Tomas Marques-Bonet
(25)
,
Raquel Matoso Silva
,
Victor Merz
,
Enkhbayar Mijiddorj
,
Bryan Miller
,
Oleg Monchalov
,
Fatemeh Mohaseb
,
Arturo Morales
,
Ariadna Nieto-Espinet
,
Heidi Nistelberger
,
Vedat Onar
,
Albína Pálsdóttir
,
Vladimir Pitulko
,
Konstantin Pitskhelauri
,
Mélanie Pruvost
(15)
,
Petra Rajic Sikanjic
,
Anita Rapan Papeša
,
Natalia Roslyakova
,
Alireza Sardari
,
Eberhard Sauer
,
Renate Schafberg
,
Amelie Scheu
,
Jörg Schibler
(26)
,
Angela Schlumbaum
(26)
,
Nathalie Serrand
(27, 28)
,
Aitor Serres-Armero
,
Beth Shapiro
,
Shiva Sheikhi Seno
,
Irina Shevnina
,
Sonia Shidrang
(29)
,
John R. Southon
(30)
,
Bastiaan Star
,
Naomi Sykes
,
Kamal Taheri
,
William Taylor
,
Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen
,
Tajana Trbojević Vukičević
,
Simon Trixl
,
Dashzeveg Tumen
,
Sainbileg Undrakhbold
,
Emma Usmanova
,
Ali Vahdati
,
Silvia Valenzuela-Lamas
(31)
,
Catarina Viegas
(32)
,
Barbara Wallner
,
Jaco Weinstock
,
Victor Zaibert
,
Benoît Clavel
(33)
,
Sébastien Lepetz
(28)
,
Marjan Mashkour
(28)
,
Agnar Helgason
,
Kari Stefansson
(34)
,
Eric Barrey
(35)
,
Eske Willerslev
(6)
,
Alan Outram
,
Pablo Librado
(6)
,
Ludovic Orlando
(6)
1
AMIS -
Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse
2 UCPH - University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet
3 Abdul Wali Khan University
4 UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
5 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
6 Section for GeoGenetics
7 KSU - King Saud University [Riyadh]
8 SERP
9 UB - Universitat de Barcelona
10 Anthropology Department - Hartwick College
11 Shejire DNA project
12 McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
13 National Center of Mental Health of Mongolia
14 DAI - Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
15 PACEA - De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
16 Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department for Biomedical Sciences
17 Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran]
18 UNIARQ
19 Universidad de León [León]
20 Department of Palaeontology
21 Department of Evolutianory Genetics
22 Institut d'Archéologie de l'Académie des Sciences d'Ouzbékistan
23 Archéorient - ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
24 Department of Evolutianory Genetics
25 ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
26 Unibas - Université de Bâle = University of Basel
27 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
28 AASPE - Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements
29 Center for Palaeolithic Research
30 ESS - Department of Earth System Science [Irvine]
31 IMF - Institución Milá y Fontanals de investigación en Humanidades
32 NOVA - Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon
33 MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
34 deCODE Genetics
35 GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative
2 UCPH - University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet
3 Abdul Wali Khan University
4 UT3 - Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier
5 CAM - University of Cambridge [UK]
6 Section for GeoGenetics
7 KSU - King Saud University [Riyadh]
8 SERP
9 UB - Universitat de Barcelona
10 Anthropology Department - Hartwick College
11 Shejire DNA project
12 McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research
13 National Center of Mental Health of Mongolia
14 DAI - Deutsches Archäologisches Institut
15 PACEA - De la Préhistoire à l'Actuel : Culture, Environnement et Anthropologie
16 Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Department for Biomedical Sciences
17 Tarbiat Modares University [Tehran]
18 UNIARQ
19 Universidad de León [León]
20 Department of Palaeontology
21 Department of Evolutianory Genetics
22 Institut d'Archéologie de l'Académie des Sciences d'Ouzbékistan
23 Archéorient - ARCHEORIENT - Environnements et sociétés de l'Orient ancien
24 Department of Evolutianory Genetics
25 ICREA - Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
26 Unibas - Université de Bâle = University of Basel
27 Inrap - Institut national de recherches archéologiques préventives
28 AASPE - Archéozoologie, archéobotanique : sociétés, pratiques et environnements
29 Center for Palaeolithic Research
30 ESS - Department of Earth System Science [Irvine]
31 IMF - Institución Milá y Fontanals de investigación en Humanidades
32 NOVA - Universidade Nova de Lisboa = NOVA University Lisbon
33 MNHN - Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle
34 deCODE Genetics
35 GABI - Génétique Animale et Biologie Intégrative
Andaine Seguin-Orlando
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 776447
- ORCID : 0000-0002-8265-3229
- IdRef : 110945514
Eloísa Bernáldez-Sánchez
- Function : Author
Luis Berrocal-Rangel
- Function : Author
Fereidoun Biglari
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 848345
Sanne Boessenkool
- Function : Author
Bazartseren Boldgiv
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795506
- ORCID : 0000-0003-0015-8142
Dorcas Brown
- Function : Author
Joachim Burger
- Function : Author
Linas Daugnora
- Function : Author
Hossein Davoudi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 786481
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5236-1444
Peter de Barros Damgaard
- Function : Author
María de Los Ángeles de Chorro y de Villa-Ceballos
- Function : Author
Sabine Deschler-Erb
- Function : Author
Nadine Dill
- Function : Author
Maria Do Mar Oom
- Function : Author
Anna Dohr
- Function : Author
Sturla Ellingvåg
- Function : Author
Diimaajav Erdenebaatar
- Function : Author
Homa Fathi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795353
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1764-0130
Sabine Felkel
- Function : Author
Esteban García-Viñas
- Function : Author
Mietje Germonpré
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 759188
- ORCID : 0000-0001-8865-0937
- IdRef : 131845098
José Granado
- Function : Author
Jón Hallsson
- Function : Author
Helmut Hemmer
- Function : Author
Aleksei Kasparov
- Function : Author
Roya Khazaeli
- Function : Author
Pavel Kosintsev
- Function : Author
Kristian Kristiansen
- Function : Author
Tabaldiev Kubatbek
- Function : Author
Lukas Kuderna
- Function : Author
Pavel Kuznetsov
- Function : Author
Haeedeh Laleh
- Function : Author
Jennifer Leonard
- Function : Author
Johanna Lhuillier
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 2468
- IdHAL : johanna-lhuillier
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2677-236X
- IdRef : 151896828
Corina Liesau von Lettow-Vorbeck
- Function : Author
Andrey Logvin
- Function : Author
Lembi Lõugas
- Function : Author
Arne Ludwig
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 773535
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7249-9953
Cristina Luis
- Function : Author
Tomas Marques-Bonet
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 776448
- ORCID : 0000-0002-5597-3075
Raquel Matoso Silva
- Function : Author
Victor Merz
- Function : Author
Enkhbayar Mijiddorj
- Function : Author
Bryan Miller
- Function : Author
Oleg Monchalov
- Function : Author
Fatemeh Mohaseb
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 750395
- IdHAL : azadeh-mohaseb
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3130-6603
Arturo Morales
- Function : Author
Ariadna Nieto-Espinet
- Function : Author
Heidi Nistelberger
- Function : Author
Vedat Onar
- Function : Author
Albína Pálsdóttir
- Function : Author
Vladimir Pitulko
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795507
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5672-2756
Konstantin Pitskhelauri
- Function : Author
Mélanie Pruvost
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 171008
- IdHAL : melanie-pruvost
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7824-2155
- IdRef : 095212620
Petra Rajic Sikanjic
- Function : Author
Anita Rapan Papeša
- Function : Author
Natalia Roslyakova
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795508
- ORCID : 0000-0002-1888-2713
Alireza Sardari
- Function : Author
Eberhard Sauer
- Function : Author
Renate Schafberg
- Function : Author
Amelie Scheu
- Function : Author
Nathalie Serrand
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 183940
- IdHAL : nathalie-serrand
- ORCID : 0000-0001-6283-5183
- IdRef : 066860156
Aitor Serres-Armero
- Function : Author
Beth Shapiro
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 786457
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2733-7776
- IdRef : 158997832
Shiva Sheikhi Seno
- Function : Author
Irina Shevnina
- Function : Author
Bastiaan Star
- Function : Author
Naomi Sykes
- Function : Author
Kamal Taheri
- Function : Author
William Taylor
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 780392
- ORCID : 0000-0002-0836-7814
Wolf-Rüdiger Teegen
- Function : Author
Tajana Trbojević Vukičević
- Function : Author
Simon Trixl
- Function : Author
Dashzeveg Tumen
- Function : Author
Sainbileg Undrakhbold
- Function : Author
Emma Usmanova
- Function : Author
Ali Vahdati
- Function : Author
Catarina Viegas
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 998656
Barbara Wallner
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795509
- ORCID : 0000-0003-4159-0695
Jaco Weinstock
- Function : Author
Victor Zaibert
- Function : Author
Benoît Clavel
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 740392
- IdHAL : benoit-clavel
Sébastien Lepetz
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 169696
- IdHAL : sebastien-lepetz
- ORCID : 0000-0001-9504-4871
- IdRef : 079032982
Marjan Mashkour
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 176173
- IdHAL : marjan-mashkour
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3630-9459
- IdRef : 057725977
Agnar Helgason
- Function : Author
Eric Barrey
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 744222
- IdHAL : eric-barrey
- ORCID : 0000-0001-7691-8705
Alan Outram
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 795510
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3360-089X
- IdRef : 121285553
Abstract
Horse domestication revolutionized warfare and accelerated travel, trade, and the geographic expansion of languages. Here, we present the largest DNA time series for a non-human organism to date, including genome-scale data from 149 ancient animals and 129 ancient genomes (≥1-fold coverage), 87 of which are new. This extensive dataset allows us to assess the modern legacy of past equestrian civilizations. We find that two extinct horse lineages existed during early domestication, one at the far western (Iberia) and the other at the far eastern range (Siberia) of Eurasia. None of these contributed significantly to modern diversity. We show that the influence of Persian-related horse lineages increased following the Islamic conquests in Europe and Asia. Multiple alleles associated with elite-racing, including at the MSTN “speed gene,” only rose in popularity within the last millennium. Finally, the development of modern breeding impacted genetic diversity more dramatically than the previous millennia of human management.
Origin : Publisher files allowed on an open archive
Loading...