Pre-exascale Architectures: OpenPOWER Performance and Usability Assessment for French Scientific Community
Résumé
Exascale implies a major pre-requisite in terms of energy efficiency, as an improvement of an order of magnitude must be reached in order to stay within an acceptable envelope of 20 MW. To address this objective and to continue to sustain performance, HPC architectures have to become denser, embedding many-core processors (to several hundreds of computing cores) and/or become heterogeneous, that is, using graphic processors or FPGAs. These energy-saving constraints will also affect the underlying hardware architectures (e.g., memory and storage hierarchies, networks) as well as system software (runtime, resource managers, file systems, etc.) and programming models. While some of these architectures, such as hybrid machines, have existed for a number of years and occupy noticeable ranks in the TOP 500 list, they are still limited to a small number of scientific domains and, moreover, require significant porting effort. However, recent developments of new paradigms (especially around OpenMP and OpenACC) make these architectures much more accessible to programmers. In order to make the most of these breakthrough upcoming technologies, GENCI and its partners have set up a technology watch group and lead collaborations with vendors, relying on HPC experts and early adopted HPC solutions. The two main objectives are providing guidance and prepare the scientific communities to challenges of exascale architectures.
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