One of the current major scientific challenges is to ensure food security for a growing global population, with the assistance of safe and sustainable agronomic solutions.Microbial communities of agronomic soils and endophytic microorganisms were largely ignored during the first green revolution, in the 1960s, and the beneficial functions for the crops fulfilled by these microbes have been taken over in recent decades by chemical applications. However, recent advances in omics and synthetic biology are now creating new opportunities to devise strategies aiming at reintroducing microbial genera into our agricultural system. Streptomyces spp. constitute a major clade of the phylum Actinobacteria. These Gram-positive, filamentous prokaryotes are ubiquitous in soils and marine sediments, and are commonly found in the rhizosphere or inside plant roots. Plant-interacting Streptomyces have received limited attention, in contrast to Streptomyces spp. extensively investigated for decades in medicine given their rich potential for secondary metabolite biosynthesis. Recent genomic, metabolomic, and biotechnological advances have produced key insights into Streptomyces spp., paving the way to the use of their metabolites in agriculture. In this Opinion article we propose how Streptomyces spp. could dominate future aspects of crop nutrition and protection. Risks and benefits of the use of these microorganisms in agriculture are also discussed.