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Article Dans Une Revue Physical Review X Année : 2019

Momentum-space atom correlations in a Mott insulator

Résumé

We report on the investigation of the three-dimensional single-atom-resolved distributions of bosonic Mott insulators in momentum-space. Firstly, we measure the two-body and three-body correlations deep in the Mott regime, finding a perfectly contrasted bunching whose periodicity reproduces the reciprocal lattice. In addition, we show that the two-body correlation length is inversely proportional to the in-trap size of the Mott state with a pre-factor in agreement with the prediction for an incoherent state occupying a uniformly filled lattice. Our findings indicate that the momentum-space correlations of a Mott insulator at small tunnelling is that of a many-body ground-state with Gaussian statistics. Secondly, in the Mott insulating regime with increasing tunnelling, we extract the spectral weight of the quasi-particles from the momentum density profiles. On approaching the transition towards a superfluid, the momentum spread of the spectral weight is found to decrease as a result of the increased mobility of the quasi-particles in the lattice. While the shapes of the observed spectral weight agree with the ones predicted by perturbative many-body calculations, the fitted mobilities are larger than the theoretical ones. This discrepancy is similar to that previously reported on the time-of-flight visibility.

Dates et versions

hal-02113175 , version 1 (28-04-2019)

Identifiants

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Cécile Carcy, Hugo Cayla, Antoine Tenart, Alain Aspect, Marco Mancini, et al.. Momentum-space atom correlations in a Mott insulator. Physical Review X, 2019, 9, pp.041028. ⟨10.1103/PhysRevX.9.041028⟩. ⟨hal-02113175⟩
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