Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules Produced by Marine Bacteria
Résumé
Marine environments, and especially marine bacteria, constitute a rich source of producers of novel bioactive natural products with biotechnological interests. Novel effective molecules against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and against bacterial biofilms are needed in a variety of fields. This chapter is therefore devoted to reviewing antimicrobial and antibiofilm compounds produced by marine bacteria. Several types of molecules are considered, more particularly the antimicrobial tropodithietic acid and the nucleoside antibiotic A201A, as well as the antibiofilm molecules of different natures. Finally, particular attention is paid to the antimicrobial enzymes AlpP and lysine-epsilon-oxidase (LodA). Complementary studies of these enzymes have led to basic discoveries on the biofilm lifestyle of the producer bacteria, in addition to opening up possible future applications in industry, aquaculture, and human health.