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                <forename type="first">Christine</forename>
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                <title xml:lang="fr">Des Prairies Fleuries. Réconcilier production et conservation de la biodiversité sur les surfaces herbagères</title>
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              <p>"Flowering Meadows" is a recently coined term that both designates the first result-based agri-environmental measure and a contest of agri-ecological excellence on hay meadows and pastures, which were introduced in France in 2007. This contest was initially created as a field test for the implementation of the Flowering Meadows measure in the Bauges Massif (Northern Alps). It resulted from a request made to a team of INRA researchers by the Natural Regional Park: “how can the ecological qualities of the land and the qualities of local products be reconciled?” Given the success of local contests among participants and their burgeoning popularity in the media, the Flowering Meadows scaled up to becoming a national competition between Nature Parks in2010. Eventually, it started spreading throughout France in 2014, when the Ministry of Agriculture included it into the famous “Concours Général Agricole” (Paris Agricultural Show). Various socio-economic stakeholders supported the development process analysed in this case study. It has triggered a significant change in the way of taking grasslands into account as a valuable fodder and biodiversity resource in policy making as well as in farm management. Based on an in-depth investigation, this retrospective study was carried out conjointly by a team from the Science for Action and Development division and the ASIRPA unit in compliance with the ASIRPA method standards (www.inra.fr/asirpa). The “Flowering Meadows” case study shows the congruence between a collaborative research programme and public action aimed at biodiversity conservation on grasslands. Drawing on the analysis of the congruence of socio-technical trajectories, the study sheds light on the impacts resulting from the outcomes of major research contributions. These impacts are assessed in various ways. Firstly, the relationship between farmers and the State shifted from management prescriptions to a resultbased commi  ent. This was coupled with the incorporation of nonherbaceous vegetation into the definition of the ‘Utilised agricultural area’. Secondly, the Flowering Meadows competition was set on the political agenda and became one of the exemplary initiatives of the “agro-ecological project for France”. This demonstrated a change in the relationship between agriculture and ecology. Finally, livestock farmers that were considered as underperforming by their peers and polluters by society are now recognised and awarded as “producers of quality products and biodiversity’ thanks to this competition of professional excellence.</p>
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              <p>"Prairies fleuries" est un néologisme qui désigne à la fois les premières mesures à engagement de résultats (MAE-R) et le concours d’excellence agro-écologique sur les surfaces herbagères et pastorales en France. Inventé en 2007 pour tester les MAE-R, le concours des prairies fleuries répond à l’origine à une demande formulée par le Parc naturel régional du Massif des Bauges (Alpes du Nord) : comment concilier qualité écologique et qualité des produits sur son territoire ? Face au succès de ce concours auprès des participants et à sa notoriété naissante, il devient en 2010 un concours national pour les Parcs naturels de France puis se généralise en 2014 à tous les acteurs territoriaux lorsqu’il est labélisé Concours Général Agricole. La dynamique décrite par ce cas d’étude est portée par divers acteurs socio-économiques. Elle a induit une transformation profonde des logiques d’action politique en faveur des prairies comme ressources fourragères et de biodiversité. Son étude rétrospective est ici restituée à partir d’un travail d’enquête approfondie et organisée conjointement par une équipe du département SAD et une équipe de la cellule ASIRPA selon les standards de la méthode ASIRPA (www.inra.fr/asirpa). Ce cas d’étude établit la congruence entre un dispositif de recherche en partenariat et l’action publique en faveur de la conservation de la biodiversité sur les surfaces herbagères. A partir de l’analyse des trajectoires sociotechniques de cette congruence, il met en lumière les impacts qui sont le résultat des contributions majeures de la recherche. Ces impacts peuvent être appréhendés à plusieurs niveaux : d’abord avec la transition d’obligations de moyens à une obligation de résultats, couplée à l’intégration de végétations non herbacées dans la surface agricole utile ; dans l’agenda politique ensuite puisque le concours prairies fleuries devient une des actions modèle du projet agroécologique pour la France et atteste des transformations des relations entre agriculture et écologie ; à l’échelle des mondes de l’élevage enfin, puisque des éleveurs jugés peu performants par leurs pairs et comme des pollueurs par la société sont reconnus et distingués comme « producteurs de biodiversité et de produits de qualité» à travers un concours mettant en avant des pratiques agri-écologiques.</p>
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