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Article Dans Une Revue Microscopy and Microanalysis Année : 2018

A New Look on Biomineralization With X-ray Crystalline 3D Microscopy

Résumé

Biomineralization, the capability exhibited by many living organisms to produce hard tissues (e.g., bones, teeth, shells) involves extraordinarily complex and regular biochemical processes whereby the organo-mineral components are controlled and organized with specific crystalline forms and textures [1,2]. Considering only calcium carbonate polymorphs in molluscs, corals or sponges, a variety of hierarchical sub-millimetric structures and shapes are observed [3]. Consequently, biominerals often present outstanding material properties, like increased damage resistance [4] or bone regeneration induction [5], motivating strong efforts for developing biomimetic materials. Furthermore, the incorporations of trace elements (e.g., Mg, Sr, Cd, Ba) during the shell formation of CaCO 3 marine species directly register the environmental parameters. Thus, these shells are used in paleoclimatology as proxies for ocean paleo-temperature, productivity and circulation [6]. To circumvent the lack of a general model for the trace element incorporation, extensive empirical laws are derived, for each species and environmental conditions [see e.g., 6]. The variations of trace element concentration, observed within the shells [7], further strengthen the need for a deep understanding of the processes underlying the formation of the biominerals. Finally, as CaCO 3 is one of the most prominent minerals in the Earth's crust, it plays a major role in the global Carbon cycle [8]. Understanding the physico-chemical pathways underlying the synthesis of biomineral CaCO 3 in marine species would pave the way for refined models of climate evolution
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Dates et versions

hal-01887201 , version 1 (09-10-2018)

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Virginie Chamard. A New Look on Biomineralization With X-ray Crystalline 3D Microscopy. Microscopy and Microanalysis, 2018, 24 (supp 2), pp.2-5. ⟨10.1017/S1431927618012461⟩. ⟨hal-01887201⟩
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