<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-01870771</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-24T22:25:44+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">On the Impact of Synchronization Attacks on Distributed and Cooperative Control in Microgrid Systems</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Mingxiao</forename>
                <surname>Ma</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">25e64c6a9abf3473441737dfa1eaf449</email>
              <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1036265</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1419708-1036265</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-441569"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-206040"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-529415"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Abdelkader</forename>
                <surname>Lahmadi</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">f20d40ec28254d634044e5d9fd20ced1</email>
              <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">abdelkader-lahmadi</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1936</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">12542-1936</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/188605789</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-1560</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-0"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-206040"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-529415"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>Abdelkader</forename>
                <surname>Lahmadi</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">f20d40ec28254d634044e5d9fd20ced1</email>
              <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2018-10-14 19:39:31</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2025-11-04 11:58:15</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2018-10-15 09:10:54</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2018-10-29</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2018-10-14</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-01870771v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2018-10-14"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://inria.hal.science/hal-01870771v1/file/Papier_Mingxiao_MA_SGC.pdf" id="file-1895220-1925253">
                <date notBefore="2018-10-14"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="103086">
                <persName>
                  <forename>Abdelkader</forename>
                  <surname>Lahmadi</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">f20d40ec28254d634044e5d9fd20ced1</email>
                <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-01870771</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://inria.hal.science/hal-01870771</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">ma:hal-01870771</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids&lt;/i&gt;, Oct 2018, Aalborg, Denmark</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids, Oct 2018, Aalborg, Denmark</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-1895220-1925253"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA_TEST">INRIA - Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LORIA2">Publications du LORIA</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA-NANCY-GRAND-EST">INRIA Nancy - Grand Est</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TESTALAIN1">TESTALAIN1</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CENTRALESUPELEC">Ecole CentraleSupélec</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-LORRAINE">Université de Lorraine</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INRIA2">INRIA 2</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="TDS-MACS">Réseau de recherche en Théorie des Systèmes Distribués, Modélisation, Analyse et Contrôle des Systèmes</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LORIA">Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="LORIA-NSS" corresp="LORIA">Department of Networks, Systems and Services</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="UNIV-PARIS-SACLAY">Université Paris-Saclay</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CENTRALESUPELEC-SACLAY" corresp="UNIV-PARIS-SACLAY">CENTRALESUPELEC-SACLAY</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="AM2I-UL">Pôle scientifique Automatique, Mathématiques, Informatique et leurs Intéractions de l'Université de Lorraine</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="invited" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
            <note type="proceedings" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">On the Impact of Synchronization Attacks on Distributed and Cooperative Control in Microgrid Systems</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Mingxiao</forename>
                    <surname>Ma</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">25e64c6a9abf3473441737dfa1eaf449</email>
                  <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1036265</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">1419708-1036265</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-441569"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-206040"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-529415"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Abdelkader</forename>
                    <surname>Lahmadi</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">f20d40ec28254d634044e5d9fd20ced1</email>
                  <email type="domain">loria.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">abdelkader-lahmadi</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">1936</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">12542-1936</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/188605789</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3882-1560</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-0"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-206040"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-529415"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <meeting>
                  <title>IEEE International Conference on Communications, Control, and Computing Technologies for Smart Grids</title>
                  <date type="start">2018-10-29</date>
                  <date type="end">2018-10-31</date>
                  <settlement>Aalborg</settlement>
                  <country key="DK">Denmark</country>
                </meeting>
                <imprint/>
              </monogr>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-mo">Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-ni">Computer Science [cs]/Networking and Internet Architecture [cs.NI]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="info.info-cr">Computer Science [cs]/Cryptography and Security [cs.CR]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="COMM">Conference papers</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>Microgrids are adopted to provide distributed generation of renewable energy resources and scalable integration of loads. To ensure the reliability of their power system operations, distributed and cooperative control schemes are proposed by integrating communication networks at their control layers. However, the information exchanged at the communication channels is vulnerable to malicious attacks aiming to introduce voltage instability and blackouts. In this paper, we design and evaluate a novel type of attacks on the cooperative control and communication layers in microgrids, where the attacker targets the communication links between distributed generators (DGs) and manipulates the reference voltage data exchanged by their controllers. We analyze the control-theoretic and detectability properties of this attack to assess its impact on reference voltage synchronization at the different control layers of a microgrid. Results from numerical simulation are presented to demonstrate this attack, and the maximum voltage deviation and inaccurate reference voltage synchronization it causes in the microgrid.</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-206040" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">067077927</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000121795429</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">198912571S</idno>
          <idno type="IdUnivLorraine">[UL]RSI--</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02vnf0c38</idno>
          <orgName>Laboratoire Lorrain de Recherche en Informatique et ses Applications</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LORIA</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Scientifique BP 239 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-413289" type="direct"/>
            <relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="researchteam" xml:id="struct-529415" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">201822769A</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00vk6my81</idno>
          <orgName>Resilience and Elasticity for Security and ScalabiliTy of dynamic networked systems</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">RESIST</orgName>
          <date type="start">2018-01-01</date>
          <date type="end">2025-12-31</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.inria.fr/equipes/resist</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-129671" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-423085" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-206040" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-413289" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-300009" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02kvxyf05</idno>
          <orgName>Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Inria</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Domaine de VoluceauRocquencourt - BP 10578153 Le Chesnay Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/en/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-411575" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">184443237</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/019tcpt25</idno>
          <orgName>CentraleSupélec</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>3, rue Joliot Curie,Plateau de Moulon,91192 GIF-SUR-YVETTE Cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.centralesupelec.fr</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-413289" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">157040569</idno>
          <idno type="IdUnivLorraine">[UL]100--</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/04vfs2w97</idno>
          <orgName>Université de Lorraine</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">UL</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>34 cours Léopold - CS 25233 - 54052 Nancy cedex</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.univ-lorraine.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-129671" status="VALID">
          <idno type="RNSR">198618246Y</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/03fcjvn64</idno>
          <orgName>Centre Inria de l'Université de Lorraine</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>615 rue du Jardin Botanique 54600 Villers-lès-Nancy</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.inria.fr/nancy</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="department" xml:id="struct-423085" status="VALID">
          <orgName>Department of Networks, Systems and Services</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">LORIA - NSS</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://www.loria.fr/en/research/departments/networks-systems-and-services/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-206040" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-300009" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-411575" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-413289" type="indirect"/>
            <relation name="UMR7503" active="#struct-441569" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>