This paper aims at studying territorial struggles related to access to the land of alternative farmers, in France. These struggles concern first local issues, when the creation of an alternative farm is at stake. They take the shape of land occupations, following the example of the Larzac struggle (1971-1981), or follow the pattern of the more contemporary Zones à Défen-dre. Second, these land struggles take place at less ultra-local scales, and aim at transforming the way access to the land is managed by a variety of stakeholders. The ultimate goal is not to make room for one specific new farmer, but to create spaces of opportunity for alternatives agricultural models. Fairer rules and institutions managing access to the land are targeted in this second stage. Building on these land struggles, three narratives of the legitimacies of access to the land are sketched: they respectively highlight professional farmers, farmers needing land and anybody.