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              <p>Cet article place le domaine de recherche sur les moteurs moléculaires dans une perspective historique.Depuis l’Antiquité, les hommes ont toujours eu à coeur de miniaturiser les dispositifs ou les machines qu’ilsutilisaient par souci d’économie de matière ou de facilité de transport. Depuis une vingtaine d’années, leschimistes ont ouvert une nouvelle voie : construire des machines par une approche ascendante afin d’avoirdes dispositifs moléculaires de quelques nanomètres. Prenant exemple sur les moteurs rotatifs, troisapproches par type de source d’énergie (chimique, lumineuse et électrique) ont été développées et certainesapplications à l’échelle macroscopique sont présentées.</p>
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