Normalization in Life Cycle Assessment: consequences of new European factors on decision making
Résumé
Environmental performance assessment of products supply-chain is necessary to improvesustainability in companies. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a powerful but little used tool for thispurpose. Normalization is an optional step of LCA according to ISO 14040/44 to rank the impacts ofa system. This paper studies the use of the International reference Life Cycle Data System (ILCD)normalization factors to reduce risks and uncertainties of normalization in a European context. Basedon a case study of urban furniture product made with composite materials, we compare twocharacterization methods. Normalization with ILCD shows important differences of the normalizedresults for several impact categories comparing to normalization with older methods, which may haveconsequences on business decisions. We conclude on the importance of using the latest availablemethods to assess the environmental impacts of a system and on the need to link these approaches ormetrics with supply-chain performance evaluation models.
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