User equilibrium vs. System optimum: an analysis based on demand level breakpoints
Résumé
The purpose of this study is to compare optimal network loadings related to network equilibria. The direct comparison of path flows or trajectory patterns is hard to achieve so here we propose a more aggregate approach based on the comparison of demand level breakpoints. A breakpoint occurs at a particular demand level when after this level, the pattern of the path flow loading is changed or the set of active alternatives with at least one assigned user is modified. In the following context, the structure of the demand is given, but the level of demand increases. We focus on discrete demand formulation and choices and use a trip-based simulator.
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