This article reveals the multiple uses and meanings of the “self-entrepreneur” plan, a French fiscal regime for small scale business. It focuses on young graduates entering the job market by registering to this plan. Three ideal-typical patterns of the young graduates’ social uses of the self-entrepreneur plan are identified and discussed in this article: the “independent salaried”, the “entrepreneurial unemployed” and the “converted independent”. This categorization helps to understand the processes of what appears to be a conversion to self-entrepreneurship.