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                <term xml:lang="en"> French regional cities </term>
                <term xml:lang="en">High Speed Rail (HSR) </term>
                <term xml:lang="en"> tourists’ flows </term>
                <term xml:lang="en"> urban and business tourisms </term>
                <term xml:lang="en"> Paris metropolitan area </term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">TGV </term>
                <term xml:lang="fr"> villes françaises </term>
                <term xml:lang="fr"> flux touristiques</term>
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              <p>In France, the expansion of High‐Speed Rail (HSR) makes cities expecting positive effects in terms of urban and business tourism development. Given that these forms of tourism are characterised by shorter stays, they could benefit from HSR services, whenever necessary facilities and amenities are present. But these expectations are based on the implicit and systematic assumption that HSR service could favour the tourism development in regional French cities by drawing tourists from the greater Paris. In terms of tourism development, the polarisation effects of HSR service would be largely absent. However Paris is also in the heart of the French High‐Speed Line network and its place has been strengthened with the development of High‐Speed Lines and services since the 1980s. Moreover, Paris is a major tourism destination. Could the Paris’ tourist centrality be reinforced too?</p>
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              <p>En France, l’extension des dessertes à grande vitesse ferroviaire s’accompagne d’attentes significatives dans les villes desservies, en termes de développement des tourismes urbain et d’affaires. Étant caractérisés par des courts séjours, ces derniers peuvent tirer profit d’une desserte TGV dès lors que les équipements nécessaires et des aménités sont présents. Or ces attentes reposent sur un présupposé implicite mais néanmoins systématique : les dessertes TGV devraient permettre de contribuer à la « mise en tourisme » des villes françaises, en captant des touristes franciliens. En termes de tourisme, les effets de polarisation souvent associés aux dessertes TGV n’existeraient pas. Pourtant, l’autre bout de la ligne, ce cœur du réseau qu’est Paris‐Ile‐de‐France et qui s’est renforcée au fur et à mesure de l’extension des dessertes, est aussi une destination touristique majeure. La centralité touristique de Paris ne peut‐elle être également renforcée ?</p>
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