Caractérisation multi-échelle du climat de la Polynésie française pour la simulation dynamique de bâtiments
Résumé
Performance assessment of buildings in tropical climates requires annual meteorological data files for an “energy approach” of air-conditioned buildings. It also requires localized climatic sequences allowing a real estimation of the natural ventilation potential of the sites for a "comfort" approach of non-air-conditioned buildings. The absence of this type of weather data in Polynesia considerably limits designer analysis means. This article presents two methods to establish meteorological sequences for both energy and comfort approaches. The first aims developing annual typical weather files from a reduced number of ground measurements. The missing meteorological variables are completed using a global to diffuse decomposition model of the solar irradiance. The second is based on a mesoscale climate model and a downscaling to obtain a characterization of localized natural ventilation potential and climatic data on a fine mesh. The weather sequences generated are used to perform energy calculation for air conditioned classrooms and wind potential and comfort assessment for cross ventilated classrooms of a primary school located in French Polynesia.