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            <title xml:lang="en">Adaptability and vulnerability of customary rights on pyrenean pastures: current realities and new issues on pastoral commons</title>
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                <term xml:lang="en">Commons</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Mountain areas</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Pyrenees</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Collective action</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Customary rights</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Land tenure</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">Pastoralism</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Pastoralisme</term>
                <term xml:lang="fr">Droits d'usage</term>
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              <p>On Pyrenean pastures, customary rights continue to structure access to land and management of pastoral resources. How does collective management of pastoral lands and resources work today? Who are the owners of customary rights? What issues and logics underline these rights? The study of customary rights on pastoral lands inform us about current realities and issues of pyrenean pastoralism, which faces private interests, multiple-use issues and public policy reforms. This analysis also highlights the threats to these complex social and natural systems.</p>
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              <p>Sur les pâturages pyrénéens, les droits d'usage continuent de structurer les modalités d'accès à l'espace et la gestion des ressources pastorales. Comment se structure la gestion collective des estives sur le massif des Pyrénées aujourd'hui ? Qui sont les détenteurs des droits d'usage ? Comment ces droits sont-ils investis ou réinvestis, selon quelles logiques et avec quels enjeux ? L'analyse des formes que prennent ces droits d'usage, des luttes dont ils sont l'objet et l'étendard à l'échelle des estives pyrénéennes nous informent sur les réalités actuelles et sur le rapport à la terre qui fondent le pastoralisme pyrénéen. Elle met également en lumière les menaces (intérêts économiques exogènes, réformes des dispositifs publics, etc.) qui pèsent sur ces équilibres naturels et sociaux complexes.</p>
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