Dry Matter Production, Nutrient Cycled and Removed, and Soil Fertility Changes in Yam-Based Cropping Systems with Herbaceous Legumes in the Guinea-Sudan Zone of Benin
Résumé
Traditional yam-based cropping systems (shifting cultivation, slash-and-burn, and short fallow) often result in deforestation and soil nutrient depletion. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of yam-based systems with herbaceous legumes on dry matter (DM) production (tubers, shoots), nutrients removed and recycled, and the soil fertility changes. We compared smallholders' traditional systems (1-year fallow of Andropogon gayanus-yamrotation, maize-yamrotation) with yam-based systems integrated herbaceous legumes (Aeschynomene histrix/maize intercropping-yam rotation, Mucuna pruriens/maize intercropping-yam rotation). The experiment was conducted during the 2002 and 2004 cropping seasons with 32 farmers, eight in each site. For each of them, a randomized complete block design with four treatments and four replicates was carried out using a partial nested model with five factors: Year, Replicate, Farmer, Site, and Treatment. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the general linear model (GLM) procedure was applied to the dry matter (DM) production (tubers, shoots), nutrient contribution to the systems, and soil properties at depths 0-10 and 10-20 cm. DM removed and recycled, total N, P, and K recycled or removed, and soil chemical properties (SOM, N, P, K, and pH water) were significantly improved on yam-based systems with legumes in comparison with traditional systems.
Mots clés
cropping system
maize
soil nutrient deficiencies
soil fertility
fallow
relay cropping
field experimentation
generalized linear model
sustainable agriculture
nutrient
parcelle
système de culture innovant
système de culture
légumineuse herbacée
andropogon gayanus
maïs
aeschynomene
mucuna
benin
afrique de l'ouest
déforestation
carence du sol
fertilité du sol
propriété chimique du sol
production de matière sèche
rotation
jachère
culture intercalaire
expérimentation au champ
analyse anova
modèle linéaire généralisé
agriculture durable
nutriment
Domaines
Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]
Origine : Fichiers éditeurs autorisés sur une archive ouverte
Loading...