<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:hal="http://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/" xmlns:gml="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/" xmlns:gmlce="http://www.opengis.net/gml/3.3/ce" version="1.1" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0 http://api.archives-ouvertes.fr/documents/aofr-sword.xsd">
  <teiHeader>
    <fileDesc>
      <titleStmt>
        <title>HAL TEI export of hal-01599995</title>
      </titleStmt>
      <publicationStmt>
        <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
        <availability status="restricted">
          <licence target="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">CC0 1.0 - Universal</licence>
        </availability>
        <date when="2026-05-16T20:38:47+02:00"/>
      </publicationStmt>
      <sourceDesc>
        <p part="N">HAL API Platform</p>
      </sourceDesc>
    </fileDesc>
  </teiHeader>
  <text>
    <body>
      <listBibl>
        <biblFull>
          <titleStmt>
            <title xml:lang="en">Simulation of biomass char gasification in a downdraft reactor for syngas production</title>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Augustina</forename>
                <surname>Ephraim</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">1201400-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Victor</forename>
                <surname>Pozzobon</surname>
              </persName>
              <idno type="halauthorid">981653-0</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Olivier</forename>
                <surname>Louisnard</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">6556f2a07418de9a91ab03f09e246c31</email>
              <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">olivier-louisnard</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">20507</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">30686-20507</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/G-5304-2015</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3151-5192</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/091008689</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/G-5304-2015</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Doan Pham</forename>
                <surname>Minh</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">7adae8276ab2fe6cf7f2a2e546ea3ab9</email>
              <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">doanphamminh</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">16898</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">36924-16898</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/ABF-6287-2020</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/10920686X</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7770-1487</idno>
              <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=fr&amp;user=WxyatL4AAAAJ</idno>
              <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/ABF-6287-2020</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Ange</forename>
                <surname>Nzihou</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">aac8d030461d9d34fc0ad4da2f344a1f</email>
              <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="string">ange-nzihou</idno>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">176587</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">37776-176587</idno>
              <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/077228677</idno>
              <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1547-2567</idno>
              <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <author role="aut">
              <persName>
                <forename type="first">Patrick</forename>
                <surname>Sharrock</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">0d1a3aff33aec75b222c569a9c95d472</email>
              <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
              <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">874669</idno>
              <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">482538-874669</idno>
              <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
            </author>
            <editor role="depositor">
              <persName>
                <forename>IMT Mines Albi</forename>
                <surname>IMT Mines Albi</surname>
              </persName>
              <email type="md5">baf60d7e7735a25e40463f14664b1afd</email>
              <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
            </editor>
          </titleStmt>
          <editionStmt>
            <edition n="v1" type="current">
              <date type="whenSubmitted">2018-10-20 21:58:24</date>
              <date type="whenModified">2026-01-19 16:46:18</date>
              <date type="whenReleased">2018-10-22 11:38:18</date>
              <date type="whenProduced">2016</date>
              <date type="whenEndEmbargoed">2018-10-20</date>
              <ref type="file" target="https://hal.science/hal-01599995v1/document">
                <date notBefore="2018-10-20"/>
              </ref>
              <ref type="file" subtype="author" n="1" target="https://hal.science/hal-01599995v1/file/simulation-of-Biomass-Char.pdf" id="file-1900094-1931174">
                <date notBefore="2018-10-20"/>
              </ref>
            </edition>
            <respStmt>
              <resp>contributor</resp>
              <name key="103459">
                <persName>
                  <forename>IMT Mines Albi</forename>
                  <surname>IMT Mines Albi</surname>
                </persName>
                <email type="md5">baf60d7e7735a25e40463f14664b1afd</email>
                <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
              </name>
            </respStmt>
          </editionStmt>
          <publicationStmt>
            <distributor>CCSD</distributor>
            <idno type="halId">hal-01599995</idno>
            <idno type="halUri">https://hal.science/hal-01599995</idno>
            <idno type="halBibtex">ephraim:hal-01599995</idno>
            <idno type="halRefHtml">&lt;i&gt;AIChE Journal&lt;/i&gt;, 2016, 62 (4), p. 1079-1091. &lt;a target="_blank" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.15111"&gt;&amp;#x27E8;10.1002/aic.15111&amp;#x27E9;&lt;/a&gt;</idno>
            <idno type="halRef">AIChE Journal, 2016, 62 (4), p. 1079-1091. &amp;#x27E8;10.1002/aic.15111&amp;#x27E9;</idno>
            <availability status="restricted">
              <licence target="https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1/">HAL Authorization<ref corresp="#file-1900094-1931174"/></licence>
            </availability>
          </publicationStmt>
          <seriesStmt>
            <idno type="stamp" n="MINES-ALBI">Ecole nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="CNRS">CNRS - Centre national de la recherche scientifique</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="RAPSODEE" corresp="MINES-ALBI">RAPSODEE - UMR5302</idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUTS-TELECOM">composantes instituts telecom </idno>
            <idno type="stamp" n="INSTITUT-MINES-TELECOM">Institut Mines Telecom</idno>
          </seriesStmt>
          <notesStmt>
            <note type="audience" n="2">International</note>
            <note type="popular" n="0">No</note>
            <note type="peer" n="1">Yes</note>
          </notesStmt>
          <sourceDesc>
            <biblStruct>
              <analytic>
                <title xml:lang="en">Simulation of biomass char gasification in a downdraft reactor for syngas production</title>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Augustina</forename>
                    <surname>Ephraim</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">1201400-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Victor</forename>
                    <surname>Pozzobon</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <idno type="halauthorid">981653-0</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Olivier</forename>
                    <surname>Louisnard</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">6556f2a07418de9a91ab03f09e246c31</email>
                  <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">olivier-louisnard</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">20507</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">30686-20507</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/G-5304-2015</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3151-5192</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/091008689</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/G-5304-2015</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Doan Pham</forename>
                    <surname>Minh</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">7adae8276ab2fe6cf7f2a2e546ea3ab9</email>
                  <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">doanphamminh</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">16898</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">36924-16898</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/ABF-6287-2020</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/10920686X</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7770-1487</idno>
                  <idno type="GOOGLE SCHOLAR">https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=fr&amp;user=WxyatL4AAAAJ</idno>
                  <idno type="RESEARCHERID">http://www.researcherid.com/rid/http://www.researcherid.com/rid/ABF-6287-2020</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Ange</forename>
                    <surname>Nzihou</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">aac8d030461d9d34fc0ad4da2f344a1f</email>
                  <email type="domain">mines-albi.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="string">ange-nzihou</idno>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">176587</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">37776-176587</idno>
                  <idno type="IDREF">https://www.idref.fr/077228677</idno>
                  <idno type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1547-2567</idno>
                  <orgName ref="#struct-469216"/>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
                <author role="aut">
                  <persName>
                    <forename type="first">Patrick</forename>
                    <surname>Sharrock</surname>
                  </persName>
                  <email type="md5">0d1a3aff33aec75b222c569a9c95d472</email>
                  <email type="domain">iut-tlse3.fr</email>
                  <idno type="idhal" notation="numeric">874669</idno>
                  <idno type="halauthorid" notation="string">482538-874669</idno>
                  <affiliation ref="#struct-242220"/>
                </author>
              </analytic>
              <monogr>
                <idno type="localRef">KTK-3258</idno>
                <idno type="localRef">DOCA-01</idno>
                <idno type="halJournalId" status="VALID">2717</idno>
                <idno type="issn">0001-1541</idno>
                <idno type="eissn">1547-5905</idno>
                <title level="j">AIChE Journal</title>
                <imprint>
                  <publisher>Wiley</publisher>
                  <biblScope unit="volume">62</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="issue">4</biblScope>
                  <biblScope unit="pp">p. 1079-1091</biblScope>
                  <date type="datePub">2016</date>
                </imprint>
              </monogr>
              <idno type="doi">10.1002/aic.15111</idno>
              <ref type="publisher">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/aic.15111/full</ref>
            </biblStruct>
          </sourceDesc>
          <profileDesc>
            <langUsage>
              <language ident="en">English</language>
            </langUsage>
            <textClass>
              <keywords scheme="author">
                <term xml:lang="en">OpenFOAM</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">downdraftreactor</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">modelsimulation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">syngas</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">gasification</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">biomasswaste</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">biomass waste</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">model simulation</term>
                <term xml:lang="en">downdraft reactor</term>
              </keywords>
              <classCode scheme="halDomain" n="spi">Engineering Sciences [physics]</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halOldTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
              <classCode scheme="halTreeTypology" n="ART">Journal articles</classCode>
            </textClass>
            <abstract xml:lang="en">
              <p>A steady state, one-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model of wood char gasification in a downdraft reactor is presented. The model is not only based on reaction kinetics and fluid flow in the porous char bed but also on equations of heat and mass conservation. An original OpenFOAM solver is used to simulate the model and the results are found to be in good agreement with published experimental data. Next, a sensitivity analysis is performed to study the influence of reactor inlet temperature and gas composition on char conversion, bed temperature profile and syngas composition. In addition, the evolution of the complex reaction mechanisms involved in mixed atmosphere gasification is investigated, and the most suitable operating parameters for controlling syngas composition are evaluated. Our simulation results provide essential knowledge for optimizing the design and operation of downdraft gasifiers to produce syngas that meets the requirements of various biofuel applications</p>
            </abstract>
          </profileDesc>
        </biblFull>
      </listBibl>
    </body>
    <back>
      <listOrg type="structures">
        <org type="laboratory" xml:id="struct-242220" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">155498886</idno>
          <idno type="RNSR">201220448D</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">03cxnrt47</idno>
          <orgName>Centre de recherche d'Albi en génie des procédés des solides divisés, de l'énergie et de l'environnement</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">RAPSODEE</orgName>
          <date type="start">2005-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Jarlard 81013 Albi Cedex 9</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">http://rapsodee.mines-albi.fr</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation name="UMR5302" active="#struct-441569" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-469216" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="indirect"/>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="indirect"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-441569" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">02636817X</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">0000000122597504</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/02feahw73</idno>
          <orgName>Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">CNRS</orgName>
          <date type="start">1939-10-19</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.cnrs.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="institution" xml:id="struct-469216" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">035022116</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/00bq8vv83</idno>
          <orgName>IMT École nationale supérieure des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT Mines Albi</orgName>
          <date type="start">1993-01-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>Campus Jarlard - Route de Teillet81013 ALBI Cedex 09</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt-mines-albi.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
          <listRelation>
            <relation active="#struct-302102" type="direct"/>
            <relation active="#struct-443875" type="direct"/>
          </listRelation>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-302102" status="VALID">
          <idno type="IdRef">192427156</idno>
          <idno type="ISNI">000000012202567X</idno>
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/025vp2923</idno>
          <idno type="Wikidata">Q27962533</idno>
          <orgName>Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">IMT</orgName>
          <date type="start">2012-03-01</date>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>19 Place Marguerite Perey, 91120 Palaiseau</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.imt.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
        <org type="regroupinstitution" xml:id="struct-443875" status="VALID">
          <idno type="ROR">https://ror.org/017tgbk05</idno>
          <orgName>Communauté d'universités et établissements de Toulouse</orgName>
          <orgName type="acronym">Comue de Toulouse</orgName>
          <desc>
            <address>
              <addrLine>41 Allée Jules Guesde, 31000 Toulouse</addrLine>
              <country key="FR"/>
            </address>
            <ref type="url">https://www.univ-toulouse.fr/</ref>
          </desc>
        </org>
      </listOrg>
    </back>
  </text>
</TEI>