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              <p>The NEPTUNE project constitutes the thermal-hydraulic part of the long-term Electricité deFrance and Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique joint research and development program for the nextgeneration of nuclear reactor simulation tools. This program is also financially supported by the Institutde Radioprotection et Sûreté Nucléaire and AREVA NP. The project aims at developing a new softwareplatform for advanced two-phase flow thermal hydraulics covering the whole range of modeling scalesand allowing easy multiscale and multidisciplinary calculations. NEPTUNE is a fully integrated projectthat covers the following fields: software development, research in physical modeling and numericalmethods, development of advanced instrumentation techniques, and performance of new experimentalprograms.The analysis of the industrial needs points out that three main simulation scales are involved. Thesystem scale is dedicated to the overall description of the reactor. The component or subchannel scaleallows three-dimensional computations of the main components of the reactors: cores, steam generators,condensers, and heat exchangers. The current generation of system and component codes has reached avery high level of maturity for industrial applications. The third scale, computational fluid dynamics(CFD) in open medium, allows one to go beyond the limits of the component scale for a finer descriptionof the flows. This scale opens promising perspectives for industrial simulations, and the development andvalidation of the NEPTUNE CFD module have been a priority since the beginning of the project. It isbased on advanced physical models (two-fluid or multifield model combined with interfacial area transport and two-phase turbulence) and modern numerical methods (fully unstructured finite volume solvers).For the system and component scales, prototype developments have also started, including new physicalmodels and numerical methods.In addition to scale-specific developments, the generalized use of multiscale calculations is alsoexpected to be a major means to meet the industrial needs. The coexistence of different simulation scalestogether with the fast growth of computing power multiplies the computation possibilities. In particular,thanks to the recent progress of CFD tools, one can imagine local zooms in some critical parts of thereactor components. The NEPTUNE multiscale platform will offer advanced coupling functionalitiesbased on state-of-the-art software architecture and new numerical coupling techniques.Finally, despite the existence of a huge worldwide database of two-phase flow experiments, thevalidation of new physical models (more local, more complex) requires new experimental data. That is thereason why for several years we have been developing new instrumentation techniques such as four-sensoroptical probes, X-ray tomography, and hot-wire anemometry. These techniques will be used for newexperimental programs (currently being launched) that have been defined in connection with the highpriority industrial applications (departure from nucleate boiling, pressurized thermal shock, loss-ofcoolant accident, etc.).</p>
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