DYNAMIC LAW OF PHYSICAL MOTION AND POTENTIAL-DESCENDING PRINCIPLE
Résumé
The main objectives of this paper are five-fold. The first is to introduce a general dynamic law for all physical motion systems, based on a new variational principle with constraint-infinitesimals. The second is to postulate the potential-descending principle (PDP). We show that PDP is a more fundamental principle than the first and second laws in thermodynamics, and gives rise to dynamical equations for non-equilibrium systems. The third is to demonstrate that the PDP is the first principle to describe irreversibility of all thermodynamic systems, with ther-modynamic potential as the basic physical quantity, rather than entropy. The fourth objective is to examine the problems faced by the Boltzmann equation. We show that the Boltzmann is not a physical law, is created as a mathematical model to obey the entropy-increasing principle (for dilute gases), and consequently is unable to faithfully describe Nature. The fifth objective is to prove an orthogonal-decomposition theorem and a theorem on variation with constraint-infinitesimals, providing the needed mathematical foundations of the dynamical law of physical motion.
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