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              <p>Dans le Nordeste brésilien semi-aride, les récents projets d’approvisionnement en eau des petites communautés rurales affichent une rupture avec le modèle traditionnel d’action publique basé sur la grande hydraulique. De la lutte contre la sécheresse, on est passé à la lutte contre la pauvreté, et l’intervention se veut désormais localisée, décentralisée et participative. La question est de savoir si le nouvel accès à l’eau domestique modifie les relations de dépendance locales. L’étude du « réseau d’eau domestique » en tant qu’objet sociotechnique permet de se poser la question de son appropriation par les populations locales et les potentats locaux. L’analyse des récits de vie montre que, malgré des avancées, le clientélisme reste au coeur des dynamiques locales, même si sa nature évolue.</p>
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