The SafeRFID project targets the improvement of Ultra High Frequency Radio Frequency Identification (UHF RFID) system dependability using system level simulation and emulation. RFID systems are based on low cost components (tags) more and more often used in critical applications and running in harsh environments (railway, aeronautic, food pro-duction, product manufacturing). Defects can have different origins (1) hardware failures, (2) medium perturbations (elec-tromagnetic interferences), or (3) software bugs. The main goals of this project are (1) to develop hardware and software valida-tion environments to validate and evaluate methods for detecting and diagnosing defects within RFID systems, (2) to develop new middleware services to improve the performances of RFID sys-tems in presence of defects and (3) to develop robust tag architec-tures. This paper sums up all these complementary solutions which have been validated thanks to system level simulation and emulation and which have been integrated in a global dependable UHF RFID system. The results of this work are (1) the design of a robust middleware and of (2) a hardware tag and (3) the evalua-tion of the dependability of such global RFID systems thanks to system level simulation and emulation.